特质焦虑在面部表情前注意加工阶段的影响:来自ERP的证据  

Emotional bias of trait anxiety on pre-attentive processing of facial expressions:ERP investigation

作　　者：李婉悦 刘燊[3] 韩尚锋 张林[1] 徐强[1] LI Wanyue;LIU Shen;HAN Shangfeng;ZHANG Lin;XU Qiang(Department and Institute of Psychology,Ningbo University,Ningbo 315211,China;School of Psychology,South China Normal University,Guangzhou 510631,China;School of Humanities and Social Sciences,University of Science and Technology of China,Hefei 230022,China;School of Psychology,Center for Brain Disorders and Cognitive Neuroscience,Shenzhen University,Shenzhen 518060,China)

机构地区：[1]宁波大学心理学系暨研究所,浙江宁波315211 [2]华南师范大学心理学院,广州510631 [3]中国科学技术大学人文与社会科学学院,合肥230022 [4]深圳大学心理学院,深圳大学脑疾病与认知科学研究中心,深圳518060

出　　处：《心理学报》2022年第1期1-11,共11页Acta Psychologica Sinica

基　　金：国家教育部人文社会科学研究项目/青年基金项目(18YJC190027);国家自然科学基金(31540024);第五轮宁波市哲学社会科学学科带头人培育项目资助。

摘　　要：为探讨高特质焦虑者在前注意阶段对情绪刺激的加工模式以明确其情绪偏向性特点,本研究采用偏差-标准反转Oddball范式探讨了特质焦虑对面部表情前注意加工的影响。结果发现:对于低特质焦虑组,悲伤面孔所诱发的早期EMMN显著大于快乐面孔,而对于高特质焦虑组,快乐和悲伤面孔所诱发的早期EMMN差异不显著。并且,高特质焦虑组的快乐面孔EMMN波幅显著大于低特质焦虑组。结果表明,人格特质是影响面部表情前注意加工的重要因素。不同于普通被试,高特质焦虑者在前注意阶段对快乐和悲伤面孔存在相类似的加工模式,可能难以有效区分快乐和悲伤情绪面孔。Facial expressions are important for understanding the emotional feelings of other human beings. However,individual factors, such as sex, age, and personality traits, can influence the perception of facial expressions. For example, individuals with an elevated level of trait anxiety—which is a measure of the frequency and intensity of occurrence of anxiety-related symptoms—show attentional bias toward emotional stimuli;that is, they pay greater attention to emotional information such as facial expressions. Previous studies focused mainly on the attentional processing stage, but whether trait anxiety affects the pre-attentive processing stage of facial expression perception remains unclear. Pre-attentive processing is an automatic evaluation of whether attention is needed to react to a stimulus, thereby filtering out irrelevant information to conserve cognitive resources and improve information processing efficiency. Hence, the present study is aimed at investigating the pre-attentive processing of facial expressions and the bias toward emotional stimuli of trait-anxious individuals during the pre-attentive processing stage.According to Spielberger State-Trait Anxiety Inventory(STAI) scores, 20 participants who scored in the top 27% were assigned to the high-trait-anxiety group(13 women;mean age 19.02 ± 0.63 years) and 20 participants who scored in the bottom 27% were assigned to the low-trait-anxiety group(11 women;mean age 19.63 ± 0.88 years). The stimuli used in the experiment were happy, sad, and neutral face images selected from the Chinese Facial Affective Picture System(CAFPS) that included 10 pictures(five females and five males) of each of the aforementioned emotions. The deviant-standard-reverse oddball paradigm included four types of facial expression sequences: neutral standard stimuli/happy deviant stimuli;happy standard stimuli/neutral deviant stimuli;neutral standard stimuli/sad deviant stimuli;and sad standard stimuli/neutral deviant stimuli. “Standard stimuli” means that this type of sti

关 键 词：特质焦虑 前注意加工 面部表情 EMMN 

分 类 号：B842[哲学宗教—基础心理学]