基于改进型两步移动搜索法的县域义务教育资源空间可达性评价——以湖北省监利县为例  

Spatial Accessibilities Evaluation of Compulsory Education at County Level Based on Improved Two-Step Floating Catchment Area Method--Taking Jianli County of Hubei Province as an Example

作　　者：杨慧[1] 杨乃[1] 孔凡敏 曾进 YANG Hui;YANG Nai;KONG Fanmin;ZENG Jin(School of Geography and Information Engineering, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan Hubei 430078, China;Academy of Marxism, Hubei University of Education, Wuhan Hubei 430205, China)

机构地区：[1]中国地质大学地理与信息工程学院,湖北武汉430078 [2]湖北第二师范学院马克思主义学院,湖北武汉430205

出　　处：《复旦学报（自然科学版）》2021年第5期618-625,共8页Journal of Fudan University：Natural Science

摘　　要：两步移动搜索法应用于义务教育资源空间可达性评价时往往未考虑距离衰减因素,常用单一指标衡量供给点的吸引力,并未结合当地政策采用可变的搜索半径.针对以上不足,本文引入高斯距离衰减函数,使用熵值法综合评判供给点吸引力,基于义务教育政策确定动态搜索半径,得到改进型两步移动搜索法,并将其用于评价2015年监利县行政村义务教育资源空间可达性.结果表明:①监利县小学教育资源空间可达性较初中差,中小学教育资源空间可达性整体有待提升,乡镇中心附近的中小学可达性较高,且大部分乡镇的边界区域是中小学可达性的薄弱地区;②监利县高可达性小学空间组团分布均衡,高可达性初中空间组团主要分布于西南部.基于此,本文对监利县中小学布局调整提出了建议,以促进该县义务教育均衡发展.本文可为公共服务均等化研究提供参考.When the two-step floating catchment area(2SFCA)method is applicable to the evaluation of the spatial accessibility of compulsory education.The distance attenuation factor is usually not considered.A single indicator is usually measure the attractiveness of the supply point,and a variable search radius is not utilized in conjunction with field policies.In view of the above shortcomings,this paper introduces the Gaussian distance decay function,uses the entropy method to comprehensively evaluate the attractiveness of the supply point,determines the dynamic search radius based on the compulsory education policy,and obtains an improved two-step floating catchment area(I2SFCA)method,which is used to evaluate the administrative villages in Jianli County in 2015 Compulsory education space accessibility.The results show that:①The accessibility of primary schools in Jianli County is worse than that of junior high schools.Overall accessibility of primary and junior high schools needs to be improved.The accessibility of primary and junior high schools near the township center is relatively high,and most of the border areas of townships are areas with weak accessibility to primary and junior high schools;②The spatial clusters of high-accessibility primary schools in Jianli County are evenly distributed,and the spatial clusters of high-accessibility junior high schools are mainly distributed in the southwest.Based on this,this paper puts forward suggestions on the adjustment of the layout of primary and junior high schools in Jianli County to promote the balanced development of compulsory education in the county.This paper can provide a reference for the research on the equalization of public services.

关 键 词：教育公平 两步移动搜索法 教育资源 均等化 

分 类 号：F299.24[经济管理—国民经济]