移栽机覆土量自动调节装置设计  

Design of Automatic Regulating Device for Soil Cover of Transplanter

作　　者：晁宝宝 袁盼盼 韩长杰 尤佳 高杰 Chao Baobao;Yuan Panpan;Han Changjie;You Jia;Gao Jie(College of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering,Xinjiang Agricultural University,Urumqi 830052,China;Xinjiang Zhongshou Agricultural and Animal Husbandry Machinery Co.,Ltd.,U rumqi 830013,China)

机构地区：[1]新疆农业大学机电工程学院,乌鲁木齐830052 [2]新疆中收农牧机械有限公司,乌鲁木齐830013

出　　处：《农机化研究》2022年第1期54-58,共5页Journal of Agricultural Mechanization Research

基　　金：国家重点研发计划项目(2017YFD0700800);自治区重点研发计划项目(2018B01001-3);国家自然科学基金项目(50905153,51565059);自治区天山青年计划项目(2017Q018)。

摘　　要：针对移栽机的覆土装置受地面不平整的影响,导致覆土不均匀等问题,设计了一种移栽机覆土量自动调节装置。装置由覆土滚筒、覆土圆盘、覆土厚度检测机构、覆土量自动调节机构和覆土圆盘角度调节器组成;控制系统由PLC和组态屏组成,实现移栽机膜上覆土量的自动调节控制。利用覆土厚度检测机构,获取膜上覆土厚度信息,借助PLC自带PID模块,对覆土圆盘取土深度进行控制。试验结果表明:当作业速度为4~6km/h、覆土圆盘偏角为35°~55°时,移栽机覆土量自动调节装置膜上覆土厚度在37.5~46.3mm范围内,且实际覆土平均厚度为41.5mm,接近预设覆土厚度,符合膜上覆土要求。该装置可为移栽机膜上覆土量自动调节装置设计提供参考。Aiming at the problem that the soil covering device of the transplanting machine is affected by uneven ground,resulting in uneven soil covering,et al.An automatic adjustment device for the soil covering amount of the transplanting machine is designed.The device consists of a soil-covering drum,a soil-covering disc,a soil-covering thickness detection mechanism,an automatic adjustment mechanism for the amount of soil-covering,and an angle adjuster for the soilcovering disc.The control system is composed of PLC and configuration display screen,which realizes the automatic adjustment control of the amount of soil covered on the transplanter film.Use the cover thickness detection mechanism to obtain the thickness information of the cover soil on the membrane,and use the PLC's own PID module to control the depth of the cover disk.The test shows that when the operating speed is 4-6km/h and the deflection angle of the soil-covering disc is 35°-55°,the thickness of the soil on the membrane of the automatic adjustment device of the soil cover of the transplanter is in the range of 37.5-46.3mm,and the actual thickness the average value is 41.5mm,which is close to the preset thickness of covering soil,which meets the requirements of covering soil on the membrane.The device can provide a reference for the design and research of the automatic adjustment device for the amount of soil covered on the film of the transplanter.

关 键 词：移栽机 PLC控制 组态屏 PID控制 自动覆土 

分 类 号：S223.9[农业科学—农业机械化工程] S220.39[农业科学—农业工程]