深海刚柔组合负压吸附装置的力学特性与吸附效果分析  

Mechanical Characteristics and Adsorption Capacity of Deep-sea Rigid-flexible Combined Negative Pressure Adsorption Device

作　　者：杨宇航 张增猛[1] 陈英龙 弓永军[1] YANG Yu-hang;ZHANG Zeng-meng;CHEN Ying-long;GONG Yong-jun(Liaoning Provincial Key Laboratory of Rescue and Salvage, Dalian Maritime University, Dalian, Liaoning 116026)

机构地区：[1]大连海事大学救助与打捞工程辽宁省重点实验室,辽宁大连116026

出　　处：《液压与气动》2022年第1期16-22,共7页Chinese Hydraulics & Pneumatics

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(51475064,U90-8228)。

摘　　要：柔性吸盘被广泛用于陆上气动负压系统中,但对于深海高压环境来说,柔性材料抵抗外界压力的能力较差,导致其过度变形,吸盘有效作用面积减少,吸附能力减弱甚至丧失。通过综合考虑柔性吸盘的良好密封特性及刚性吸盘有效作用面积不变的特性,设计了一种由柔性吸盘、刚性吸盘及卡箍组成的吸盘形式,通过有限元仿真分析了吸盘的密封性能和预紧力情况,确定了吸盘的尺寸和选型,并搭建了试验台,对吸盘的预紧力、密封性能和吸附力进行了试验。结果表明:吸盘在预紧力为390 N时完全变形,此时吸盘在外界环境压力11 MPa,吸盘内部压力1 MPa的情况下,15 min内吸盘内部压力没有发生变化,吸盘没有发生泄漏,且可以提供至少15000 N的吸附力。The flexible suction cups are widely used in the land-based pneumatic negative pressure systems.However,for the deep-sea high-pressure environment,the ability of flexible materials to resist external pressure is poor,which lead to excessive deformation,the effective area of the suction cups is reduced,and the adsorption capacity is weakened or even lost.By comprehensively considering the good sealing characteristics of the flexible suction cups and the invariable effective area of the rigid suction cups,a kind of suction cup composed of a flexible suction cup,a rigid suction cup and a clamp is designed.The size and type selection of the suction cup are determined by finite element analysis.Then set up the test bench and test the pre-load,sealing performance and adsorption force of the suction cup.The test results show that the suction cup is completely deformed when the pre-load is 390 N,at this time,the internal pressure of the suction cup does not change within 15 minutes under the external environmental pressure of 11 MPa and the internal pressure of 1 MPa,the suction cup has no leakage and can provide at least 15000 N adsorption force.

关 键 词：深海负压吸附 刚柔组合吸盘 有限元分析 预紧力 吸附性能试验 

分 类 号：TH137[机械工程—机械制造及自动化] TH138