盘刷式矮密栽培落地红枣集条装置研制  

Development of disc brush type low density planting jujube strip collecting device

作　　者：丁龙朋[1,2] 李枫楠 王成霄 李景彬 葛建兵[1,2] Ding Longpeng;Li Fengnan;Wang Chengxiao;Li Jingbin;Ge Jianbing(College of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering,Shihezi University,Shihezi,832000,China;Key Laboratory of Modern Agricultural Machinery Corps,Shihezi,832000,China)

机构地区：[1]石河子大学机械电气工程学院,新疆石河子832000 [2]现代农业机械兵团重点实验室,新疆石河子832000

出　　处：《中国农机化学报》2021年第12期107-113,共7页Journal of Chinese Agricultural Mechanization

基　　金：兵团区域创新引导计划项目(2021BB003);自治区研究生科研创新项目(XJ2020G98)。

摘　　要：针对新疆落地红枣人工集条劳动强度大、机械化程度低的问题,研制一种与落地红枣捡拾机配套的红枣集条装置。重点设计避障系统和仿形机构等关键部件,确定盘刷、液压缸行程和仿形机构的工作参数,结合避障工况需求,设计扫盘避障液压系统并对液压元件进行计算选型。以盘刷转速、盘刷前倾角和前进速度为影响因素,集条率和破损率为评价指标,开展三因素三水平正交组合试验,结果表明:各因素对集条率影响显著性顺序为盘刷前倾角、前进速度、盘刷转速,各因素对破损率影响显著性顺序为盘刷转速、前进速度、盘刷前倾角;采用多元统计分析方法得出最优水平组合为前进速度0.8 m/s、盘刷转速200 r/min、盘刷前倾角15°,此时集条率为97.54%、破损率为1.11%;在最佳参数组合下进行田间验证试验,集条率为96.64%,破损率为1.13%,试验值与理论预测值相对误差分别为0.93%、1.77%,各项指标符合设计要求。Aiming at the problems of high labor intensity and low mechanization of manual strip collection of Xinjiang landing red jujube,a red jujube strip collection device matched with the landing red jujube pickup was developed in this paper.This paper focuses on the design of key components,such as obstacle avoidance system and profiling mechanism,determines the working parameters of disk brush,hydraulic cylinder,and profiling rod mechanism,designs the hydraulic principle of disc sweeping obstacle avoidance combined with the requirements of obstacle avoidance working conditions,and calculates and selects the hydraulic components.Taking the disc brush speed,disc brush rake angle,and forward speed as the influencing factors and the strip setting rate and damage rate as the evaluation indexes,the orthogonal combination test of three factors and three levels is carried out.The results show that the order of significance of each factor on the strip setting rate is as follows:disc brush rake angle,forward speed,and disc brush speed;and the order of significance of each factor on the damage rate is as follows:disc brush speed,forward speed,and disc brush rake angle.Using multivariate statistical analysis method,the optimal horizontal combination is found to be as follows:the forward speed is 0.8 m/s,the rotating speed of disc brush is 200 r/min,the rake angle of disc brush is 15°,the strip collection rate is 97.54%,and the damage rate is 1.11%.The field verification test was carried out under the optimal parameter combination.The strip setting rate was 96.64%,the damage rate was 1.13%,and the relative errors between the test value and the theoretical prediction value were 0.93%and 1.77%,respectively.All indicators meet the design requirements.

关 键 词：红枣 集条装置 盘刷 多元回归分析 

分 类 号：S225.93[农业科学—农业机械化工程]