汉语动词ABAB与AABB式重叠的句法  

The Syntax of ABAB and AABB Verbal Reduplication in Mandarin

作　　者：隋娜[1] 胡建华[2] Sui Na;Hu Jianhua

机构地区：[1]曲阜师范大学外国语学院 [2]中国社会科学院语言研究所

出　　处：《世界汉语教学》2022年第1期49-64,共16页Chinese Teaching in the World

基　　金：国家社会科学基金一般项目“形式句法语段理论与名词短语的句法、语义和形态研究”(16BYY003)的资助。

摘　　要：本研究发现,汉语双音节动词的两种重叠式,即ABAB式与AABB式,在句法功能、分布限制和语义特征上呈系统性差异:前者做谓语时可直接带宾语,后者不能。前者在关系从句等内嵌句中受限,而后者在相应的位置上则相当常见。本文提出,汉语ABAB式与AABB式重叠的机制不同。ABAB式重叠在S-句法中作用于动词,为动词的屈折形态,同时表征动词的量化与说话人的建议等语气(隋娜、胡建华,2016)。AABB式则在L-句法中生成,作用于词根,产生的重叠式为谓词性成分Pred。该机制与形容词重叠(AA/AABB式)机制相同。AABB动词重叠式与形容词重叠式具有平行的句法表现,可作为支持这一分析的有力证据。This paper investigates the syntax and semantics of ABAB and AABB verbal reduplication in Mandarin Chinese.It is observed that the two types of reduplicated verbs are constrained by different syntactic conditions.While the ABABs can take NP objects directly,the AABBs cannot;the ABABs,unless licensed by modal verbs such as yinggai‘should’,cannot occur in embedded clauses such as the relative clauses,but the AABBs show no such constraint.We propose that ABAB and AABB reduplication occur at different levels of grammar.Specifically,ABAB reduplication operates in S-syntax,and AABB reduplication occurs in L-syntax.Following Sui and Hu(2016),we propose that the ABAB form is base-generated at Asp,with a null functional head Mood merged in its CP domain,and that the AABB form is derived in L-syntax as Pred.It is then argued that in Mandarin Chinese AABB verbal reduplication and AABB adjectival reduplication undergo the same derivational process.

关 键 词：动词重叠 ABAB式 AABB式 S-句法 L-句法 

分 类 号：H146.3[语言文字—汉语]