传统轨枕与新型X轨枕下道床劣化及动力特性研究  

Study on dynamic behavior and ballast degradation using the traditional sleeper and new X-shape sleeper

作　　者：陈成 唐子桉 芮瑞[1] 张磊 朱尘轩 CHEN Cheng;TANG Zian;RUI Rui;ZHANG Lei;ZHU Chenxuan(School of Civil Engineering,Wuhan University of Technology,Wuhan 430070,China)

机构地区：[1]武汉理工大学土木工程与建筑学院,武汉430070

出　　处：《北京交通大学学报》2021年第6期117-124,共8页JOURNAL OF BEIJING JIAOTONG UNIVERSITY

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(51708438);大学生创新团队培育项目(216606024)。

摘　　要：为了研究有砟轨道中轨枕结构对道床劣化的影响,通过有限元方法建立三维有砟轨道数值模型,对比分析了在相位循环荷载作用下的传统轨枕与新型X形轨枕的沉降、道床应力分布,探讨了异形轨枕结构对道砟劣化的影响.模拟结果验证了有砟轨道在循环荷载作用下,道砟沉降主要集中在初期压密阶段;轨枕结构对道床工作性能有一定影响,通过比较X形轨枕和传统轨枕下道砟层的竖向以及侧向位移,道砟层与路基交界面处的应力分布状态以及道砟层内部的应力分布状态,发现X形轨枕底部应力峰值减小,道砟层的竖向沉降减少5.8%,侧向变形减少8.4%,表明其对改善道砟受力分布,减少道砟横纵向变形以及缓解道床劣化有一定作用;优化后的X形轨枕结构具有较大道砟接触面积,能更均匀传递上部荷载至道砟层,同时应兼具抗剪、抗侧移能力.研究结果对于优化轨枕结构以减少道砟劣化有一定参考价值.To study the impact of sleeper structure on ballast degradation,a 3D numerical model for the ballasted track is established using the finite element method.The settlement and the ballast bed stress distribution of traditional and new X-shaped sleepers under phase cyclic loading are compared and analyzed,and the impact of non-typical sleeper structure on ballast degradation is also discussed.The simulation results verify that the ballast settlement mainly happens in the initial compacting stage under cyclic loading;the sleeper structure has some influence on the working performance of the track bed;by comparing the vertical and lateral displacement of ballast layer under the X-shape sleeper and traditional sleeper,the stress distribution at the interface between ballast layer and subgrade,and the stress distribution inside the ballast layer,it is found that the stress peak at the bottom of X-shape sleeper is reduced,the vertical settlement of ballast layer is reduced by 5.8%and lateral deformation by 8.4%,which indicates that the X-shape sleeper can improve the stress distribution,reduce the horizontal and vertical deformations and therefore decelerate ballast degradation.The optimized X-shape sleeper structure has a large ballast contact area,which can transfer the upper load to the ballast layer more evenly,and it should also have good ability of shear resistance and lateral displacement resistance.The research results have certain engineering significance for optimizing the sleeper structure and alleviating ballast deterioration.

关 键 词：轨道交通工程 轨枕结构 X形轨枕 有限元方法 道床劣化 

分 类 号：U213.31[交通运输工程—道路与铁道工程]