非财务信息与企业财务舞弊行为识别  

Non-financial Information and Detection of Financial Frauds

作　　者：叶康涛[1] 刘金洋 Ye Kangtao;Liu Jinyang

机构地区：[1]中国人民大学商学院,100872

出　　处：《会计研究》2021年第9期35-47,共13页Accounting Research

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(71872176,71790602)的资助。

摘　　要：现有企业财务舞弊识别模型主要基于企业披露的财务信息,而对非财务信息利用不足。本文借助我国上市公司强制披露的销售量、生产量、库存量等非财务信息,考察非财务信息是否有助于识别企业的财务舞弊行为。研究发现,当财务指标增长率(主要指营业收入增长率)与非财务指标增长率(包括销售量增长率、生产量增长率和库存量增长率)之间差异的绝对值越大,企业存在舞弊行为的可能性越高。进一步,我们区分差异的方向,发现无论是正向差异还是负向差异,营业收入增长率与非财务指标增长率之间的差异程度越大,企业存在舞弊行为的可能性都越高。我们的研究还表明,二者的正向差异程度与企业的操纵性收入存在显著的正相关关系,负向差异程度与企业的真实活动盈余管理存在显著的正相关关系。本文提供了非财务信息有助于识别企业财务舞弊行为的经验证据,为审计师、投资者、监管者等利益相关者验证财务业绩真实性、降低资本市场信息不对称、提高资源配置效率等提供了重要的决策参考。The existing corporate fraud model is mainly based on the financial information, and do not pay enough attention to the non-financial information.This study examines whether mandatory disclosure of non-financial information(e.g.,sales volume, production volume, inventory volume)can help detect corporate fraud.We find that the absolute value of the difference between financial indicators(e.g.,revenue growth)and non-financial indicators(e.g.,sales volume growth, production volume, inventory volume)is significantly positive with the likelihood of fraud.Furthermore, we distinguish the direction of the difference, and find that both the positive difference and the negative difference between financial indicators and nonfinancial indicators are significantly positive with the likelihood of fraud.We also show that the positive difference is positively associated with the firms’ manipulative revenue, and the negative difference is positively associated with the firms’ real earnings management.Overall, our results provide empirical evidence that non-financial information can help detect corporate fraud, and then help auditors, investors, regulators and other stakeholders to verify the authenticity of financial indicator, reduce information asymmetry, and improve the efficiency of resource allocation.

关 键 词：非财务信息 财务舞弊 操纵性收入 真实活动盈余管理 

分 类 号：F275[经济管理—企业管理] F832.51[经济管理—国民经济]