商周时期徐海地区多品种农作物种植制度初探——以徐州庙台子遗址植物遗存分析为例  

Preliminary Discussion on Multispecies Crop Cultivation System in Xuhai Region during the Shang and Zhou Dynasties: Archaeobotanic Case Study from Miaotaizi Site at Xuzhou

作　　者：吴文婉[1] 原丰 田二卫 WU Wen-wan;YUAN Feng;TIAN Er-wei(Nanjing Museum,Nanjing 210016;Xuzhou Museum,Xuzhou 221010)

机构地区：[1]南京博物院,江苏南京210016 [2]徐州博物馆,江苏徐州221010

出　　处：《中国农史》2021年第6期38-48,共11页Agricultural History of China

基　　金：国家重点文物保护资金支持项目“贾汪庙台子遗址考古资料整理”;南京博物院2020年度科研课题“江苏地区周代农业的区域分异研究”。

摘　　要：徐州庙台子遗址的浮选工作发现了商晚期至汉代的粟、黍、稻、小麦和大豆等农作物遗存。量化结果表明,以粟、黍和小麦为代表的旱地作物是庙台子聚落农业种植中最重要的部分,水稻和大豆始终处于补充的角色。各时期旱地作物的情况有所变化:商晚期是以小麦的明显优势为特点的旱作农业;西周时期新增了水稻和大豆,形成了多品种种植制度,但小麦的种植规模持续下降,整个西周时期是以粟为最主要农作物的旱作农业模式。庙台子遗址植物遗存的发现和分析为探讨徐海地区商周时期的农业发展和农作物结构提供了重要证据。A large number of charred macro-plant remains, which were obtained by systematic flotation at Miaotaizi Site, reveals the subsistence of the site from Late Shang to Han Dynasty. The crop assemblage of Miaotaizi site includes foxtail millet, broomcorn millet, rice, wheat and soybean. The quantitative analysis showed that the dryland crops represented by millets and wheat were the most important parts of agricultural planting of the settlement, and rice and soybean were always in the complementary role. The planting of millets has been greatly expanded in western Zhou Dynasty while wheat experienced a downward trend after Late Shang Dynasty.

关 键 词：徐海地区 庙台子遗址 商周时期 植物大遗存 农作物结构 

分 类 号：S-09[农业科学] K207[历史地理—历史学]