播种量、秧龄和基质对中浙优1号工厂化育秧的影响  

Effects of seeding rate,seedling age and substrate on the quality of industrialized rice seedlings of Zhongzheyou 1

作　　者：朱海彬 ZHU Haibin(Agriculture and Rural Bureau of Yongding District,Longyan,Fujian 364100,China)

机构地区：[1]龙岩市永定区农业农村局,福建龙岩364100

出　　处：《亚热带农业研究》2021年第4期226-230,共5页Subtropical Agriculture Research

摘　　要：[目的]探索中浙优1号机插工厂化育秧的主要技术,为工厂化育秧提供参考。[方法]设计了播种量、基质配比和秧龄对中浙优1号机插工厂化育秧秧苗素质、农艺和产量性状的影响。[结果]3种播种量处理中,15.75 kg·hm^(-2)处理的茎基宽最大、根长最长、百苗鲜重最重,秧苗素质最好,13.50 kg·hm^(-2)处理的产量最高;4种基质和粘土配比处理中,基质和粘土比例为40∶60和30∶70的处理秧苗素质较好,适合机械化插秧;3种秧龄机插处理中,在4叶1心期插秧的处理实际产量最高(8910.0 kg·hm^(-2)),分别比3叶1心期和5叶1心期处理高7.2%和20.9%。[结论]中浙优1号机插秧工厂化育秧播种量在13.50~15.75 kg·hm^(-2)之间、育秧基质与粘土配比为40∶60或30∶70、秧龄为4叶1心期的处理不但秧苗素质好,适合机械化插秧,且有利于高产。[Purpose]The study aims to investigate the main technology for the industrialized culture of Zhongzheyou 1 rice seedling,so as to provide a reference for high-yield industrialized rice production tailored to local conditions.[Method]Seedling quality,grain yield and agronomic performance of mechanically transplanted Zhongzheyou 1 rice were evaluated under different sowing rates,substrate and clay mixtures and seedling ages.[Result]Sowing at rate of 15.75 kg·hm^(-2) resulted in the largest stem base width,longest root length,biggest fresh weight of 100 seedlings and best seedling quality,however,sowing at rate of 13.50 kg·hm^(-2) led to the highest yield.Among the 4 substrate ratios,mixtures at ratios of 40∶60 and 30∶70 were contributed to better seedling quality under mechanized condition;among the seedlings transplanted at different seedling ages,yield of seedlings transplanted at the 4-leaf and 1-heart stage was the highest(8910.0 kg·hm^(-2)),which was 7.2%and 20.9%higher than those transplanted at 3-leaf and 1-heart,and 5-leaf and 1-heart stages,respectively.[Conclusion]Zhongzheyou 1 rice is recommended to be sown within rates of 13.50-15.75 kg·hm^(-2) and grown in substrate and clay mixtures at ratios of 40∶60 or 30∶70 for industrialized seedling raising;transplanting is recommended to be conducted at the 4-leaf and 1-heart stage,contributing to good seedling quality and high yield.

关 键 词：播种量 秧龄 基质 工厂化育秧 中浙优1号 

分 类 号：S511.04[农业科学—作物学]