江苏沿海滩涂利用模式遥感影像解译和时空变化分析  

Remote Sensing Image Interpretation and Spatiotemporal Variation Analysis of Land Use Pattern of Coastal Tidal Flat in Jiangsu Province

作　　者：许栋[1] 翟思涵 白玉川[1] XU Dong;ZHAI Sihan;BAI Yuchuan(State Key Laboratory of Hydraulic Engineering Simulation and Safety,Tianjin University,Tianjin 300072,China)

机构地区：[1]天津大学水利工程仿真与安全国家重点实验室,天津300072

出　　处：《测绘与空间地理信息》2022年第1期10-15,共6页Geomatics & Spatial Information Technology

基　　金：水资源高效开发利用国家重点专项第五课题——滩涂资源高效利用模式与滩涂保护及绿色海堤建设技术(2018YFC0407505)资助。

摘　　要：为了弄清江苏沿海滩涂利用模式分布情况,定量分析其时空变化趋势,本文基于Google Earth Engine云计算平台和Landsat卫星遥感影像数据,结合随机森林分类方法,通过机器学习建立了滩涂利用模式自动识别分类方法,样本训练后识别准确率达93%以上。利用该方法提取了2002年、2014年和2019年江苏沿海的土地利用类型,计算了土地利用模式转移矩阵,并提出了土地利用模式变化率指标,进一步建立了经济效益评价模型。研究结果表明,2002—2014年间江苏省滩涂利用模式变化巨大,2014年前的变化尤为显著。从所占面积本身来看,最主要的滩涂利用方式是农业开发。从利用面积增长率来看,建设用地增长最快,2014年后新增建设用地占2019年建设用地的70%以上。从经济效益角度来看,江苏沿海滩涂的开发利用规模在持续扩大,质量也有所提高。In order to understand the land use pattern of coastal tidal flat in Jiangsu province and quantitatively analyze their spatiotemporal trends,based on Google Earth Engine cloud computing platform,remote sensing data of Landsat satellite and random forest classification method,the automatic recognition and classification model of land use patterns is established through machine learning,which recognition accuracy rate is more than 93%.With the help of this model,the land use pattern of Jiangsu coastal shoaly areas in 2002,2014 and 2019 are extracted,the transfer matrices of land use patterns are calculated,and the indexes that describe the land use change is proposed,finally an economic benefit evaluation model is established.The results show that there were great changes in the land use pattern of coastal areas in Jiangsu province from 2002 to 2014,and the changes were more dominant before 2014.In terms of the area occupied itself,agricultural development is the most important pattern of land utilization,while from the perspective of the change rate of area,construction land has the fastest growth.Newly constructed land after 2014 accounted for more than 70%of the construction land in 2019.As for economic benefits,the scale of development and utilization of coastal area in Jiangsu province was continuously expanding,and the quality was also improved.

关 键 词：滩涂开发利用 遥感图像识别 江苏沿海 土地利用转移矩阵 经济效益评价 

分 类 号：P237[天文地球—摄影测量与遥感]