碳标签制度的国际实践及其对我国探索的启示与借鉴  

The International Practice of Carbon Labeling System and Its Enlightenment and Reference to China's Exploration

作　　者：邱峰[1] Qiu Feng

机构地区：[1]中国人民银行镇江市中心支行,江苏镇江212000

出　　处：《西南金融》2021年第12期28-42,共15页Southwest Finance

摘　　要：为发展低碳经济,积极应对全球气候变暖,碳标签作为一种推动产品碳减排的有效工具,其制度一经推出之后,便迅速受到越来越多国家的高度重视与推崇,成为全球性潮流。伴随新冠疫情对日常生活和消费理念的冲击,以及碳中和概念的普及,作为新兴事物的碳标签在国内也逐渐走入视线。绿色低碳发展环境下,碳标签制度势必会对企业的生产决策和消费者的购买行为产生影响,其推广不乏动力,但仍面临数据真实可靠性存疑、标准不明晰、推广成本较高,以及公众认知低、接受难度大等诸多难题和挑战。碳标签作为一个“舶来品”,就减排压力巨大的中国而言,更应以更积极的姿态面对,灵活借鉴国外成熟经验,加快探索与实践,全力打通碳标签制度的“最后一公里”,建立起一套与国情相匹配的低碳产品认证及评定制度,并协调国际标准与国内标准的统一,从而保障在承诺期限顺利实现碳中和发展目标,保护外贸不受碳标签技术壁垒的影响。In order to develop low-carbon economy and actively respond to global warming,carbon labeling,as an effective tool to promote carbon emission reduction of products,has been rapidly valued and respected by more and more countries and has become a global trend.With the impact of COVID-19 on daily life and consump⁃tion concepts,as well as the popularization of the concept of carbon neutrality,the carbon label as an emerging thing has gradually come into sight in China.In the environment of green and low-carbon development,the carbon labeling system is bound to have an impact on the production decision-making of enterprises and the purchasing behavior of consumers.There is no lack of motivation for its promotion,but it still faces problems and challenges such as doubts about the authenticity of data,unclear standards,high promotion costs,low public awareness and difficult acceptance.Carbon labels,as an"imported product",in terms of the great emission reduction pressure in China,should be faced with a more active attitude,flexibly draw lessons from foreign mature experience,speed up the exploration and practice,get through the"last mile"of carbon labeling system,establish a low-carbon product certification and evaluation system that matches the national conditions,and coordinate the unification of interna⁃tional and domestic standards,so as to ensure the smooth realization of the carbon neutral development goal within the commitment period,and protect foreign trade from the impact of carbon label technical barriers.

关 键 词：碳中和 碳达峰 碳标签 碳减排 碳交易市场 碳足迹 低碳经济 绿色发展 

分 类 号：X196[环境科学与工程—环境科学] F832.5[经济管理—金融学]