72个酿酒葡萄品种MYB调控基因的基因型和单倍型鉴定  

Identification of genotypes and haplotypes of MYB-regulated genes in 72 wine grape varieties

作　　者：肖鑫 傅伟红 葛孟清 李腾 任艳华 马小河[3] 刘崇怀[4] 贾海锋[1,2] 房经贵 XIAO Xin;FU Weihong;GE Mengqing;LI Teng;REN Yanhua;MA Xiaohe;LIU Chonghuai;JIA Haifeng;FANG Jinggui(College of Horticulture,Nanjing Agricultural University,Nanjing 210095,China;China Wine Industry TechnologyResearch Institute,Yinchuan 750000,China;Shanxi Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Jinzhong 030600,China;Zhengzhou Fruit Research Institute,Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Zhengzhou 450000,China)

机构地区：[1]南京农业大学园艺学院,江苏南京210095 [2]中国葡萄酒产业技术研究院,宁夏银川750000 [3]山西省农业科学院,山西晋中030600 [4]中国农业科学院郑州果树研究所,河南郑州450000

出　　处：《南京农业大学学报》2022年第1期27-36,共10页Journal of Nanjing Agricultural University

基　　金：国家重点研发计划项目(2019YFD1002500);国家自然科学基金项目(31872047,31372027,31672131);新疆联合创新项目(CXFZ202016);江苏省自然科学基金项目(BK20201176);江苏省高等学校自然科学研究项目(20KJD210001)。

摘　　要：[目的]本文旨在研究酿酒葡萄(Vinifera)MYB(myeloblastosis)调控基因的基因型和单倍型,并分析果实颜色与单倍型组成和数量之间的关系。[方法]利用特异性引物通过PCR技术对72个酿酒葡萄品种的MYBA1和MYBA2基因位点的基因型和单倍型组成进行鉴定,同时对果实的颜色进行调查。[结果]PCR结果显示,在MYBA1位点,有56个品种能检测到VvmybA1a,只有1个品种检测到VvmybA1b,有16个品种只检测到VvmybA1c,有13个品种检测到VlmybA1-3,仅有3个品种检测到VvmybA1^(SUB),全部72个品种都未检测到VvmybA1^(BEN);在MYBA2位点,在6个欧美杂交种中检测到VlmybA1-2,在3个欧美杂交种中检测到VlmybA2,在29个品种中检测到VvmybA2r,在58个品种中检测到VvmybA2w。本试验出现了A、G、AB、AC-N、AC-NE1、AC-Rs、AE1、AE1E2、AF、C-N、C-NE1、C-Rs、CE1、C-RsF、C-RsE1、GF共16种单倍型组合。含有HapC-N这一单倍型的葡萄果皮大多数为紫黑色或蓝紫色,是着色品种的单倍体组成类型中含有最多的组合。欧亚种着色葡萄品种中数量最多的单倍型组合为AC-N,欧美杂交种着色葡萄品种中数量较多的单倍型组合为AE1。大多数欧亚种着色葡萄的单倍型组合为AC-N,而欧美杂交种葡萄中的AC-N、C-Rs和AE1E2的单倍型组合数量相当。[结论]酿酒葡萄MYB基因结构高度保守,其2个基因位点共10个等位基因形成不同的单倍型参与调控果实着色;单倍型数量与果皮颜色深浅没有直接的关系,但总体上呈现出含有着色功能基因越多则果皮颜色越深的规律;环境条件的不同也可能导致果皮颜色产生变化。[Objectives]This article aimed to study the genotypes and haplotypes of MYB(myeloblastosis)regulatory genes in wine grapes(Vinifera),and to analyze the relationship between fruit color and haplotype composition and quantity.[Methods]The specific primers were used to identify the genotype and haplotype composition of the MYBA1 and MYBA2 gene loci of 72 wine grape varieties by PCR technology,and the color of the fruit was investigated at the same time.[Results]PCR results showed that at the MYBA1 locus,VvmybA1a was detected in 56 varieties,VvmybA1b was detected in only 1 variety,VvmybA1c was detected in 16 varieties,VlmybA1-3 was detected in 13 varieties,VvmybA1^(SUB) was detected in only 3 varieties,and VvmybA1^(BEN) was not detected in all 72 varieties.At MYBA2 locus,VlmybA1-2 was detected in 6 hybrid varieties of Vitis vinifera×V.labrusca,VlmybA2 was detected in 3 hybrid varieties V.vinifera×V.labrusca,VvmybA2r was detected in 29 varieties,and VvmybA2w was detected in 58 varieties.There were 16 haplotype combinations of A,G,AB,AC-N,AC-NE1,AC-Rs,AE1,AE1E2,AF,C-N,C-NE1,C-Rs,CE1,C-RsF,C-RsE1 and GF.The grape skins containing the haplotype HapC-N were mostly purple black or blue-purple,which was the most common combination among the haploid composition types of colored varieties.The haplotype combination with the largest number of colored grape varieties in V.vinifera was AC-N,and the haplotype combination with the largest number of colored grape varieties in hybrids of V.vinifera×V.labrusca was AE1.The haplotype combinations of most colored grapes in V.vinifera were AC-N,while the number of haplotype combinations of AC-N,C-Rs and AE1E2 in hybrids of V.vinifera×V.labrusca was equivalent.[Conclusions]The MYB gene structure of wine grapes was highly conserved,a total of 10 alleles at 2 gene loci form different haplotypes participated in the regulation of fruit coloration.The number of haplotypes was not directly related to the peel color,only one coloring gene varieties might be purple black,while varieties with m

关 键 词：酿酒葡萄 MYB 果实颜色 基因型 单倍型 

分 类 号：S663.1[农业科学—果树学]