温棚保温、亲本规格对克氏原螯虾苗繁育效果的影响  

Effect of Greenhouse and Broodstock Size on Breeding Performance of Red Swamp Crayfish Procambarus clarkii

作　　者：宋光同[1,2] 江河 王芬[1,2] 蒋业林 陈祝[1,2] 王佳佳 吴仓仓[1,2] SONG Guangtong;JIANG He;WANG Fen;JIANG Yelin;CHEN Zhu;WANG Jiajia;WU Cangcang(Institute of Fisheries Science,Anhui Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Hefei 230031,China;Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Aquaculture&Stock Enhancement,Hefei 230031,China)

机构地区：[1]安徽省农业科学院水产研究所,安徽合肥230031 [2]水产增养殖安徽省重点实验室,安徽合肥230031

出　　处：《水产科学》2022年第1期130-136,共7页Fisheries Science

基　　金：安徽省重点研究与开发计划项目(201904a06020032);安徽省水产产业技术体系项目(皖农科[2016]84号).

摘　　要：采用单因素对照、对比试验方法,开展温棚保温以及大、中、小不同亲本规格对克氏原螯虾苗种规格、育苗量等繁育指标的影响。试验结果表明,每年冬季最冷时节(12月下旬至翌年1月中旬),温棚内池平均水温较室外池高3.44℃,且温棚内池水温皆在5℃以上;温棚内池平均育苗量与室外池差异不显著(P>0.05),而培育的虾苗体质量为室外池的1.46倍。中规格亲虾(25~35 g)繁育的虾苗规格极显著大于小规格亲虾(15~20 g)(P<0.01),中规格亲虾育苗量极显著高于大规格亲虾(40~50 g)(P<0.01);小规格亲虾可以明显提高亲本虾繁殖后回捕率。经观察,1月洞穴中雌性亲虾排苗率达80%。笔者认为,温棚设施可提高冬季水温,可促进虾苗生长,提高虾苗规格;亲虾规格以25~35 g为宜。本试验结果将为克氏原螯虾亲本选择以及早繁生产提供参考。The influences of greenhouse and large-size,middle-size,and small-size on propagation performance of red swamp crayfish Procambarus clarkii were investigated using the method of control and comparative test for eight months.The results showed that the mean water temperature of was more 3.44℃in the plastic greenhouse than outdoor during the coldest season in winter every year(from late December to mid-January),and the temperature was above 5℃in the pond water in the greenhouse.The difference was not significant in the average culture density of the postlarvae between inside and outside the plastic greenhouse(P>0.05),the crayfish size was 1.46 times in inside than that in outside the plastic greenhouse.The middle-size broodstock was significantly larger than the small broodstock(P<0.01).The average culture density of postlarvae was significantly higher in middle-size broodstock than that in large-size broodstock(P<0.01).Small size crayfish had significantly increase in the recovery rate of parents after spawning.By observation,in January in the winter,the seedling rate of crayfish with eggs reached 80%.This findings indicate that the greenhouse facilities increase in the water temperature in winter,promoting the growth of crayfish seedlings,improving the size of crayfish.With the suitable broodstock body weight of 25—35 g,the findings can provide reference for selection of broodstock and early propagation of red swamp crayfish.

关 键 词：克氏原螯虾 温棚 规格 繁育 

分 类 号：S962.1[农业科学—水产养殖]