基于DPSIR模型的乌鲁木齐城市扩张的生态效应分析  

Ecological Effects of Urban Expansion in Urumqi Based on the DPSIR Model

作　　者：谢璐迪 史磊 玉米提·哈力克[1,2] 田奥磊 XIE Ludi;SHI Lei;ÜMÜT Halik;TIAN Aolei(College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, Xinjiang University, Urumqi 830017, China;Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Oasis Ecology, Xinjiang University, Urumqi 830017, China)

机构地区：[1]新疆大学资源与环境科学学院,新疆乌鲁木齐830017 [2]新疆绿洲生态教育部重点实验室,新疆乌鲁木齐830017

出　　处：《湖南生态科学学报》2022年第1期7-16,共10页Journal of Hunan Ecological Science

基　　金：国家自然科学基金面上项目(31770750)。

摘　　要：【目的】探究乌鲁木齐市生态安全现状,为区域生态建设提供数据支撑。【方法】基于历年遥感和统计年鉴数据,采用驱动-压力-状态-影响-响应模型构建城市扩张生态效应指标体系,探究1980—2017年乌鲁木齐市城市扩张的生态效应。【结果】(1)1980—2017年间乌鲁木齐市城市用地面积增加6.35 km^(2),以林地、草地和水域为主的生态用地呈现降低趋势,分别减少2.57 km^(2)、8.39 km^(2)和1.82 km^(2)。伴随城市化扩张生态环境呈现退化趋势;(2)驱动力分析揭示了国民生产总值、城市人口、三大产业产值是建筑用地扩张的主要驱动力,三者与建筑用地扩张呈明显正相关,与粮食总播种面积呈负相关;(3)“驱动-压力-状态-影响-响应”模型揭示随城市扩张和人口增长,以农林牧渔业总产值、污水年排放量、工业废气排放总量为主的生态效应指标呈现退化趋势,乌鲁木齐市生态环境建设受到严重制约。【结论】未来乌鲁木齐需严守生态红线、保障环境质量底线、优化能源结构、限制资源利用上限。【Objective】It is to reveal the status quo of ecological security in Urumqi and provide data support for regional ecological construction.【Method】This paper adopts the driving-pressure-state-impact-response model to construct an indicator system for exploring the ecological effects of urban expansion in the city of Urumqi from 1980 to 2017 based on remote sensing and statistical yearbook data over the years.【Result】(1)From 1980 to 2017,the urban area of Urumqi increased by 6.35 km^(2),while the ecological land being dominated by woodland,grassland and water area decreased by 2.57 km^(2),8.39 km^(2) and 1.82 km^(2),respectively.With the urban expansion,the ecological environment was being degraded;(2)The driving force analysis revealed that gross domestic product(GDP),urban population and three industrial output values were the main driving forces for the expansion of construction land which were positively correlated,and negatively correlated with the total sown area of grain;(3)The“drive-pressure-state-impact-response”model revealed that ecological effect indicators such as the total output value of agriculture,forestry,animal husbandry and fishery,annual discharge of sewage and total discharge of industrial waste gas showed a trend of degradation with the urban expansion and population growth,and the ecological environment construction of Urumqi was severely restricted.【Conclusion】In the future,Urumqi needs to strictly abide by the ecological red line,ensure the bottom line of environmental quality,optimize the energy structure and restrict the upper limit of resource utilization in order to provide a reference for creating ecological civilization city.

关 键 词：城市扩张 生态效应 DPSIR模型 乌鲁木齐市 

分 类 号：X24[环境科学与工程—环境科学]