基于无人机影像的城市复杂三维绿量快捷估算——以上海植物园为例  

Quick estimation of three-dimensional vegetation volume based on images from an unmanned aerial vehicle:A case study on Shanghai Botanical Garden

作　　者：罗嘉贝 周莹菲 冷寒冰[2] 孟陈[3] 侯正阳 宋通通 胡正云 张超[1,5] 奉树成 LUO Jiabei;ZHOU Yingfei;LENG Hanbing;MENG Chen;HOU Zhengyang;SONG Tongtong;HU Zhengyun;ZHANG Chao;FENG Shucheng(Key Laboratory of Geographic Information Science(Ministry of Education),East China Normal University,Shanghai 200241,China;Shanghai Urban Plant Resources Development and Application Engineering Technology Research Center,Shanghai Botanical Garden,Shanghai 200231,China;School of Ecological and Environmental Sciences,East China Normal University,Shanghai 200241,China;College of Forestry,Beijing Forestry University,Beijing 100083,China;The Joint Laboratory for Environmental Remote Sensing and Data Assimilation,East China Normal University,Shanghai 200241,China)

机构地区：[1]华东师范大学地理信息科学教育部重点实验室,上海200241 [2]上海植物园上海城市植物资源开发应用工程技术研究中心,上海200231 [3]华东师范大学生态与环境科学学院,上海200241 [4]北京林业大学林学院,北京100083 [5]华东师范大学环境遥感与数据同化联合实验室,上海200241

出　　处：《华东师范大学学报（自然科学版）》2022年第1期122-134,共13页Journal of East China Normal University(Natural Science)

基　　金：上海市科学技术委员会重大项目(18DZ2283500);国家自然科学基金(31500392,31800411,41876093)。

摘　　要：三维绿量是表征城市植被生态效益的综合指标,如何在高度异质性的城市生境中精确、快捷地开展三维绿量监测,是当前城市植被生态效益评估亟待解决的难题.本研究以上海植物园为对象,通过无人机航摄系统对上海植物园进行低空高分辨率影像获取,逐像元提取并计算地表高程模型和冠层高度模型,对上海植物园三维绿量进行估算,进而对绿量空间分布格局进行分析.研究发现:①无人机影像的整体平面和高程精度优于0.1 m,冠层高度模型精度的平均误差为0.27 m,标准差为0.58 m.②上海植物园的绿量分布呈东北低西南高的格局,总绿量为3538944.50 m^(3).绿量最高的3个园区分别为牡丹园(289491.00 m^(3))、松柏园(338322.10 m^(3))和温室附属绿地(360587.50 m^(3));绿量最低的3个园区分别为休闲绿地(24761.50 m^(3))、单子叶植物园(31621.40 m^(3))和蔷薇园(74607.30 m^(3));植物园平均绿量密度为6.51 m^(3)/m^(2),最高绿量密度的3个园区分别为兰室(9.23 m^(3)/m^(2))、蕨类园(11.30 m^(3)/m^(2))和广玉兰香樟大道(13.11 m^(3)/m^(2));绿量密度最低的3个园区分别为休闲绿地(1.57 m^(3)/m^(2))、科研中心绿地(1.81 m^(3)/m^(2))和蔷薇园(2.58 m^(3)/m^(2)).③各专类园绿量与乔木群落分布面积、建群种高度以及两者的乘积显著相关,各专类园绿量密度与乔木群落面积占专类园比例、建群种高度以及两者的乘积显著相关.本研究可为城市植被绿量快捷估算提供方法参考,并为上海植物园绿量估算与空间格局优化提供基础数据.Three-dimensional vegetation volume is a comprehensive index that can be used to represent the ecological benefits of urban vegetation.However,the challenge of how to accurately and quickly carry out three-dimensional vegetation volume monitoring in highly heterogeneous urban habitats is an urgent problem that requires attention.In this paper,we used Shanghai Botanical Garden as a case study.We acquired low-altitude,high-resolution images of Shanghai Botanical Garden through a UAV aerial photography system;after extracting the data,we calculated the surface elevation and canopy height models,estimated the three-dimensional vegetation volume,and analyzed the spatial distribution pattern.The results showed that:①The overall plane and elevation accuracy of UAV images was better than 0.1 m,and the average error and standard deviation of the canopy height model accuracy was 0.27 m and 0.58 m,respectively.②The vegetation volume of Shanghai Botanical Garden was distributed in a pattern from northeast low to southwest high,with a total vegetation volume of 3538944.50 m^(3).The average green density of the botanical garden was 6.51 m^(3)/m^(2).The three gardens with the highest vegetation volume were:Peony Garden(289491.00 m^(3)),Pinetum Garden(338322.10 m^(3)),and the Green Space Attached to The Greenhouse(360587.50 m^(3)).The three gardens with the lowest vegetation volume were:Recreational Green Space(24761.50 m^(3)),Monocotyledon Botanical Garden(31621.40 m^(3)),and Rose Garden(74607.30 m^(3)).The three gardens with the highest vegetation volume density were:Tropical Orchid Room(9.23 m^(3)/m^(2)),Fern Garden(11.30 m^(3)/m^(2)),and Magnolia and Camphor Avenue(13.11 m^(3)/m^(2)).The three gardens with the lowest vegetation volume density were Recreational Green Space(1.57 m^(3)/m^(2)),Scientific Research Center Green Space(1.81 m^(3)/m^(2)),and Rose Garden(2.58 m^(3)/m^(2)).③The vegetation volume of each specialized garden was significantly related to the distribution area of the arbor community,the height of the

关 键 词：城市植被 三维绿量 无人机 植物园 

分 类 号：TP751[自动化与计算机技术—检测技术与自动化装置]