硅对西瓜幼苗生长·光合特性及保护酶活性的影响  

Effect of Silicon on the Growth,Photosynthetic Characters and Protective Enzyme Activity of Watermelon(Citrullus lanatus(Thunb.)Matsum.et Nakai)Seedlings

作　　者：赵晓美 李正为 于文进[2] 李家文 周艳霞[3] 龙明华[2] ZHAO Xiao-mei;LI Zheng-wei;YU Wen-jin(Guilin Agricultural Science Research Center/Guilin Branch,Guangxi Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Guilin,Guangxi 541006;College of Agriculture,Guangxi University,Nanning,Guangxi 530004)

机构地区：[1]桂林市农业科学研究中心/广西农业科学院桂林分院,广西桂林541006 [2]广西大学农学院,广西南宁530004 [3]广西农业科学院蔬菜研究所,广西南宁530007

出　　处：《安徽农业科学》2022年第1期151-153,157,共4页Journal of Anhui Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：国家科技支撑计划资助项目(2007BAD68B04);广西研究生教育创新资助项目(GXU11T32562)。

摘　　要：[目的]研究不同浓度硅(S i)对西瓜幼苗生长、光合特性及保护性酶活性的影响,为探究外源硅对西瓜幼苗生长及生理特性的影响提供理论依据。[方法]以“早佳8424”西瓜为试验材料,采用水培法,硅酸钾作为硅源,研究不同硅浓度0 mg/L(CK)、28 mg/L(T1)、56 mg/L(T2)和84 mg/L(T3)4个处理对西瓜幼苗生长指标、光合指标及保护酶活性的影响。[结果]在0~84 mg/L硅浓度范围内,蒸腾速率(T r)随硅浓度的增加而降低,叶绿素含量(SPAD值)、POD和SOD活性随硅浓度的增加而升高;56 mg/L硅处理的植株生长速度最快;植株鲜重分别较T3、T1、CK处理显著增加33.47%、52.42%、65.59%,干重分别较T3、T1、CK处理显著增加32.43%、48.48%、66.10%;根系长度分别较T3、T1、CK处理显著增加40.32%、37.99%、43.47%;净光合速率较T1、CK显著增加32.78%、37.53%,气孔导度分别较T3、T1、CK显著增加85.71%、191.84%、150.88%,胞间CO_(2)浓度分别较T3、T1、CK显著增加4.09%、7.89%、8.75%;T1、T2、T3处理的POD、SOD活性分别在第6天、第3天达到最大,其中在84 mg/L硅浓度处理POD、SOD活性高于其他处理。[结论]施用外源硅可以提高西瓜幼苗的光合作用和抗氧化酶活性,促进西瓜幼苗的生长,其中营养液硅浓度以56 mg/L为好。[Objective]The effects of spraying exogenous silicon(S i)on the growth,photosynthetic characteristics and activity of antioxidant enzymes of watermelon seedlings were studied,which provided scientific basis for the effects of exogenous silicon on growth and physiological characters of watermelon seedlings.[Method]The effects of silicon(S i)on the growth,photosynthetic characters and protective enzyme activity of“Zaojia(8424)”watermelon seedlings were studied under the hydroponics(DFT)with the 0 mg/L(CK),28 mg/L(T1),56 mg/L(T2)and 84 mg/L(T3)silicon levels.[Result]In 0-84 mg/L of Si,transpiration(T r)reduced,SPAD,POD and SOD activity improved with the increase of silicon concentration.The growth rate of plant treated with 56 mg/L silicon concentration were the fastest.Compared with T3,T1 and CK,fresh weight,dry weight and root length of plant were significantly increased by 33.47%,52.42%,65.59%,32.43%,48.48%,66.10%;40.32%,37.99%,43.47%.Net photosynthetic rate(P n)was significantly higer than T1 and CK,and increased by 32.78%and 37.53%.Stomatal conductance(C i)and intercellular CO_(2) concentration(G s)were also significantly higer T3,T1 and CK,and increased by 85.71%,191.84%,150.88%;4.09%,7.89%,8.75%,the activity of POD and SOD in the three treatments reached the maximum on day 6 and day 3 respectively,among which the activity of POD and SOD with the treatment of 84 mg/L,silicon concentration was higher than that with other treatments.[Conclusion]It could be concluded that the application of exogenous silicon may improve the photosynthesis,antioxidant enzyme activities of watermelon seedlings and promote its growth,and the appropriate silicon concentration for optimizing the watermelon seedlings was 56 mg/L.

关 键 词：西瓜幼苗 硅 生长 光合特性 酶活性 

分 类 号：S651[农业科学—果树学]