职场排斥的“四宗罪”:中国情境下的一项元分析  

The Four Deadly Harms of Workplace Ostracism:A Meta-analytic Examination in Chinese Context

作　　者：苏涛 陈春花[2,3] 陈冰玲 刘军[4] 马文聪[1] Su Tao;Chen Chunhua;Chen Bingling;Liu Jun;Ma Wencong(School of Management,Guangdong University of Technology;National School of De-velopment,Peking University;Business School,Renmin University)

机构地区：[1]广东工业大学管理学院 [2]北京大学国家发展研究院 [3]华南理工大学工商管理学院 [4]中国人民大学商学院

出　　处：《南开管理评论》2021年第6期106-116,I0021,I0022,共13页Nankai Business Review

基　　金：国家杰出青年基金项目(71425003);国家自然科学基金项目(72002045);广东工业大学青年百人科研启动基金项目(220413736)资助。

摘　　要：中国情境下的职场排斥在结构维度、表现形式、发生场所和受害者的回应方式上与西方存在较大差异,厘清其影响机理和边界条件已兼具重要性、必要性和可能性。本研究通过对110个中国情境下职场排斥实证研究(共35046个独立样本)的梳理和元分析,获得了阶段性结论:中国情境下的职场排斥存在“四宗罪”,即施害者的职场排斥对受害者的工作态度、职场行为、工作绩效和创新这四类影响结果均有负面影响,且影响强度依次减弱;对受害者工作态度方面的工作投入、离职倾向,职场行为方面的组织公民行为、人际反生产行为,工作绩效方面的关系绩效的负面效应尤为突出;职场排斥存在“溢出效应”,不同施害者(上级、同事)的职场排斥对受害者的影响效应存在同一性,即上级排斥的负面效应高度一致地强于同事排斥的负面效应;员工类型、地区属性和测量工具是重要的调节因素,即当被试为非知识型员工、身处不发达地区、研究使用某特定量表时,职场排斥的负面效应更强。Workplace ostracism is a common phenomenon in management practice.It not only pro-foundly exerts influences on employees’physical and psychological health,work attitude,workplace behavior and other aspects,but also restricts organizational existence and devel-opment.It is becoming an urgent task for organizations.Workplace ostracism in Chinese context(WOC)is quite different from that in the Western countries in terms of dimensions,manifes-tations,occurrence places and victims’response methods.Therefore,it is important,necessary and possible to only focus on WOC and explore its influence mechanisms and boundary conditions.The social exchange theory holds that individuals will exchange with others in order to gain extrinsic or intrinsic rewards.In fact,the effects of workplace ostracism also can be regarded as the results of social exchange.For victims,workplace ostracism violates the principle of reci-procity and belongs to unfair social exchange.They will consequently respond with negative feedbacks reflected in work attitude,behavior,performance and innovation.Based on the social exchange theory,this paper conducts a meta-analytic exam-ination on the relation of workplace ostracism and victims’four outcomes in Chinese context.It draws the periodical conclusions of WOC’s impacts on victims based on 110 empirical studies with a sample size of 35,046.The research results are as follows.First,WOC possesses four deadly harms.Specifically,perpetrators’workplace ostracism has neg-ative impacts on victims’work attitude,behavior,performance and innovation.What is more,the above negative impacts decrease in sequence of victims’work attitude,work behavior,work performance and innovation.Second,WOC exerts stronger promoting effect on victims’work engagement and turnover intention in comparison to other individual attitudes;it has stronger negative effects on organizational citizenship be-havior(OCB)and interpersonal counterproductive work behavior(ICWB)in contrast with other indi-vidual behaviors,and on cont

关 键 词：职场排斥 中国情境 影响结果 元分析 调节检验 

分 类 号：F272.92[经济管理—企业管理]