虚构性与叙述  

Fictionality and Narration

作　　者：H.S.尼尔森 王长才(译) Henrik Skov Nielsen;Wang Changcai(Aarhus University,Denmark;Department of Chinese in Southwest Jiaotong University)

机构地区：[1]丹麦奥尔胡斯大学 [2]西南交通大学人文学院中文系

出　　处：《探索与批评》2021年第2期1-18,共18页Inquiry and Criticism

基　　金：国家社科基金项目“非自然叙述学研究”(项目批准号:16BZW013)的阶段性成果。

摘　　要：本文区分了术语"叙述""虚构"和"虚构性"。在修辞叙述理论的广泛领域耕耘的学者们已提出一种研究虚构性的新方法。这种方法建立在类属的虚构和虚构性特质的关键区分之上,后者被理解为一种在各文类与媒介中普遍存在的话语模式。这种方法使类属的虚构成为一大类话语的子集,其中虚构性被用来交流关于编造的、想象的和非现实的事件状态。这一区分是这种新方法的必要前提,此原则意味着作为发出编造信号的交流策略的虚构性在作为类属的虚构以外也很普遍。接下来本文讨论了虚构性标记的概念,主要以自由间接引语为例。随后本文讨论了处理虚构性问题对作者、叙述者和叙述之间关系的影响,最后以几个类属虚构以外的虚构性的个案研究结束本文。In this article I distinguish between the terms"narrative","fiction",and"fictionality".Scholars working in the broad area of rhetorical narrative theory have suggested a new approach to fictionality founded on a key distinction between generic fictions and the quality of fictionality,understood as a mode of discourse prevalent across genres and media,which makes generic fictions a subset of the large class of discourses in which fictionality is employed to communicate about invented,imagined,and non-actual states of affairs.The distinction is a sine qua non for the new approach,and the principle implies that fictionality as a communicative strategy to signal invention is prevalent also outside fiction as a generic category.Then I discuss the concept of signposts of fictionality,and free indirect discourse will be a major case here.Next,I move on to discuss some consequences for the relation between author,narrator and narrative when the question of fictionality is approached.I end the article by looking at a couple of case studies of fictionality outside generic fiction.

关 键 词：叙述 虚构 虚构性 自由间接引语 

分 类 号：I20[文学—中国文学]