溶瘤新城疫病毒:肿瘤免疫治疗时代的新机遇  

Oncolytic Newcastle disease virus:a new opportunity in the era of tumor immunotherapy

作　　者：杜莎[1] 姜珂 丁铲[3] 许青[4] 李文斌 孟松树[1] DU Sha;JIANG Ke;DING Chan;XU Qing;LI WenBin;MENG SongShu(Institute of Cancer Stem Cell,Dalian Medical University,Dalian 116044,China;Center for Single-Cell Omics and Disease Research,Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine,Shanghai 200025,China;Department of Avian Infectious Diseases,Shanghai Veterinary Research Institute,Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Shanghai 200241,China;Department of Medical Oncology,Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital,Tongji University,Shanghai 200072,China;Department ofNeuro-oncology,Neurosurgery center,Beijing Tiantan Hospital,Capital Medical University,Beijing 100070,China)

机构地区：[1]大连医科大学肿瘤干细胞研究院,大连116044 [2]上海交通大学医学院单细胞组学与疾病研究中心,上海200025 [3]中国农业科学院上海兽医研究所禽类感染性疾病部,上海200241 [4]同济大学附属上海市第十人民医院医学肿瘤部,上海200072 [5]首都医科大学附属北京天坛医院神经外科中心神经肿瘤部,北京100070

出　　处：《中国科学：生命科学》2021年第12期1623-1636,共14页Scientia Sinica(Vitae)

摘　　要：新型溶瘤病毒疗法治疗肿瘤,是目前肿瘤免疫治疗研究的热点之一.溶瘤新城疫病毒(Newcastle disease virus,NDV)作为一种新型抗癌制剂,在肿瘤治疗中利用肿瘤细胞中有缺陷的抗病毒防御,选择性地感染复制和裂解肿瘤细胞,增强肿瘤抗原暴露,促进免疫细胞的招募,激活抗肿瘤免疫应答,从而发挥抗肿瘤作用.基于溶瘤NDV独特的抗肿瘤特性及其与患者免疫系统的相互作用,溶瘤NDV与其他免疫疗法联用可以增强抗肿瘤功效,具有广阔的应用前景.本文从溶瘤NDV的结构、溶瘤机制、溶瘤NDV在肿瘤治疗领域的临床前研究和临床应用、联合免疫治疗的应用及未来展望等方面进行综述.Oncolytic virus therapy is one of the hot topics in tumor immunotherapy.As a novel anticancer agent,oncolytic Newcastle disease virus(NDV)uses antiviral defense defects in the tumor cells for tumor treatment.NDV selectively infects,replicates and cracks tumor cells,enhances tumor antigen exposure,promotes the recruitment of immune cells,and activates antitumor immune response,thus playing a role in antitumor immunity.Based on the unique antitumor properties of oncolytic NDV and its interaction with patients’immune systems,the combination of oncolytic NDV and other immunotherapies can enhance the antitumor efficacy and have broad applications.This paper reviews the structure and mechanism of oncolytic NDV,preclinical research and clinical application of oncolytic NDV in tumor therapy,and prospects of combined immunotherapy.

关 键 词：溶瘤病毒 新城疫病毒 肿瘤免疫治疗 联合免疫治疗 

分 类 号：R730.51[医药卫生—肿瘤]