狂欢与冲突:体育赛事现场观众自我呈现的文化透析--以足球赛事为例  

Carnival and Conflict:A Cultural Analysis of the Audience’s Self-presentation in Sports Events--Taking Football Match as an Example

作　　者：项杨春 XIANG Yangchun(School of Journalism and Communication,Shih Hsin University,Taipei 350108,China)

机构地区：[1]世新大学新闻传播学院,台北350108

出　　处：《河北体育学院学报》2022年第1期77-83,共7页Journal of Hebei Sport University

摘　　要：以互动仪式链理论为参照,建构体育赛事现场观众人际互动仪式模型,对现场观众的自我呈现进行剖析,探寻观众观赛的文化诉求及满足。以足球赛事为例,通过参与观察、文献资料及逻辑分析等方法,分析体育观众现场观赛的自我呈现机制及多重文化意蕴。认为,追求现场观赛,观众实现了身体同在的群体聚集;对比赛的共同关注,形成基于共同焦点的情境际遇;借由此际遇之上的互动,观众达成了高度的情感共鸣,并陷入匿名狂欢;此外,集体狂欢产生了仪式团结和身份认同,观众归属感获得满足。同时,观众进行高端热忱或低端沮丧的情感表达,彰显出多维情感;拥有团结感的观众对球队标志物尤为推崇,表现出类图腾崇拜的尊重,观众信仰获得替代实现;而对仪式团结和标志物的不敬会遭到严厉谴责甚至引发冲突,观众由此陷入非理性的沉沦。Taking the interactive ritual chain as a reference,this paper constructs the interpersonal interaction ritual model of the live audience in sports events,analyzes the self-presentation and explores the cultural requirements and satisfaction of the audience.Taking the football match as an example,this paper analyzes the self-presentation mechanism and multi-cultural connotation of live audience by the methods of participation observation,literature and logical analysis.It is believed that the pursuit of on-site watching enables the audience to gather in groups with the same body;The common attention to the game forms the situational encounter based on the common focus;The audience reached a high degree of emotional resonance and fell into an anonymous carnival by the interaction based on the encounter;In addition,the collective carnival produces ritual unity and identity,and the audience’s sense of belonging is satisfied.At the same time,the audience expressed emotion of high-end enthusiasm or low-end depression showing multi-dimensional emotion;The audience with a sense of unity especially respected the team logo showing the respect of totem worship and audience belief is realized by substitution;The disrespect for the ritual unity and the symbol will be severely condemned and even lead to conflicts,which will lead to the irrational degradation of the audience.

关 键 词：体育赛事 现场观众 人际互动 自我呈现 文化意蕴 

分 类 号：G80-05[文化科学—运动人体科学]