基于AnyBody仿真的太极拳不同步型特征  

Characteristics of Different Tai Chi Step Types Based on AnyBody Simulation

作　　者：庞博 纪仲秋[1] 张子华 姜桂萍[1] 胡鑫 PANG Bo;JI Zhongqiu;ZHANG Zihua;JIANG Guiping;HU Xin(College of Physical Education and Sports,Beijing Normal University,Beijing 100875,China)

机构地区：[1]北京师范大学体育与运动学院,北京100875

出　　处：《医用生物力学》2021年第6期916-922,共7页Journal of Medical Biomechanics

基　　金：国家社会科学基金教育学一般课题(20BTY070)。

摘　　要：目的对比太极拳初学者和专业者不同步型的下肢运动学、动力学、肌肉力参数差异,为太极拳科学化及制定运动处方提供依据。方法以练习时长超过3年的30名太极拳练习者为专业组,30名无太极拳经历初学者作为对照组。用BTS红外捕捉系统、Kistler三维测力台采集太极拳动作数据,以AnyBody 7.0建模仿真系统计算运动学、动力学、肌力参数。结果专业组独立步膝关节屈伸角度、膝关节X轴受力明显大于对照组(P<0.01)。弓步、虚步、开立步、马步、仆步、独立步中,专业组下肢肌力均为大于对照组。专业组马步半膜肌、半腱肌、股二头肌肌力大于对照组(P<0.05),专业组仆步臀大肌、臀中肌、臀小肌、阔筋膜张肌、股外侧肌、股二头肌肌力大于对照组(P<0.05),独立步股外侧肌、股内侧肌、股二头肌、胫骨前肌肌力大于对照组(P<0.05)。结论太极拳练习时,膝关节为主要发力关节,专业者下肢用力明显大于初学者。独立步对髋关节影响较大,弓步、仆步对膝关节影响较大。不同水平太极拳练习者对下肢肌肉的激活程度不同,初学者练习时要针对不同动作影响刺激的肌肉,有针对性地区分练习,进而促进下肢肌肉协同用力。Objective To compare differences in kinematics,dynamics and muscle force parameters between Tai Chi beginners and professionals with different steps,so as to provide basis for scientization of Tai Chi and formulation of exercise prescription.Methods A total of 30 Tai Chi practitioners who have been practicing Tai Chi for more than 3 years were selected as professional group,and 30 beginners without Tai Chi experience were selected as the control group.Tai Chi data were collected by BTS infrared motion capture test system,Kistler three-dimensional force plate,and the kinematics,dynamics and muscle force were calculated with AnyBody 7.0 simulation system.Results The knee flexion and extension angle,X-axis force of independent stance in professional group were significantly greater than those in control group(P<0.01).The lower limb muscle forces of the lunge,empty stance,parallel stance,horse stance,crouch stance and independent stance in professional group were greater than those in control group.The semimembranous muscle,semitendinosus muscle and biceps femoris forces of horse stance in professional group were greater than those in control group(P<0.05).The gluteus maximus,gluteus medius,gluteus minimus,tensor fascia lata,vastus lateralis and biceps femoris forces of servant stance in professional group were greater than those in control group(P<0.05).The vastus lateralis,vastus medialis,biceps femoris and tibialis anterior forces of independent stance in professional group were greater than those in control group(P<0.05).Conclusions In Tai Chi practice,knee joint is the main force producing joint,and the lower limb force of professionals is significantly greater than that of beginners.Independent stance has great influences on hip joint,while lunge and crouch stance have great influences on knee joint.Tai Chi exercisers at different levels have different activation degrees in lower limb muscles.Beginners should focus on the muscles affected by different movements and practice targeted training distinctively,so as

关 键 词：太极拳 AnyBody仿真 下肢 动力学 运动学 

分 类 号：R318.01[医药卫生—生物医学工程]