自闭症谱系障碍个体的叙事评估与干预研究进展  

The Progress in Research on Evaluation and Intervention of Narrative in Individuals with Autism Spectrum Disorders

作　　者：侯婷婷 马春梅 张婷[1] HOU Tingting;MA Chunmei;ZHANG Ting(School of Education and Psychology,University of Ji'nan,Ji’nan,250022;College of Education,Central China Normal University,Wuhan,430079)

机构地区：[1]济南大学教育与心理科学学院,济南250022 [2]华中师范大学教育学院,武汉430079

出　　处：《中国特殊教育》2021年第12期61-68,共8页Chinese Journal of Special Education

基　　金：2021年度教育部人文社科项目“基于语料库和ERP技术的自闭症儿童多模态否定行为特征与教育干预研究”(项目批准号:21YJC880028);2019年度国家自然科学基金青年项目“暗示性运动记忆优势效应:影响因素及形成机制”(项目批准号:31800913)研究成果。

摘　　要：叙事困难是自闭症个体普遍存在的一种语言发展障碍,影响其社会适应发展,亟需开展行之有效的评估与干预。文献梳理发现,自闭症个体的叙事困难自婴幼儿期起到成年期持续存在;研究者们从外在表现和内在机制两个角度对自闭症个体叙事展开评估,常用的方法包括图片序列法、绘本故事法、个人叙事法、事件相关电位技术和扩散张量成像技术;个别化叙事干预、共享叙事干预和基于机器人的戏剧表演干预是目前经验证较为有效的自闭症叙事干预策略,可以显著改善自闭症群体的叙事表现。最后基于现有文献研究中存在的问题提出建议,以期为相关研究与实践提供借鉴和参考。Narrative difficulty is a core symptom of language development for autistic children,which affects their social communication,emotional interaction and academic adaptation development.It is urgent to carry out effective evaluation and intervention.The literature review finds that the narrative difficulties of autistic individuals persist from infancy to adulthood.Researchers evaluate the narratives of autistic individuals in terms of external performance and internal mechanisms.Common methods include picture sequence method,picture book story method,personal narrative method,event-related potential technology and diffusion tensor imaging technology.Individualized narrative intervention,shared narrative intervention and robot-based performance intervention are proved to be effective narrative intervention strategies for autism,which can significantly improve the narrative performance of autistic groups.Finally,based on the problems existing in the existing literature research,this paper puts forward suggestions in order to provide reference for relevant research and practice.

关 键 词：自闭症谱系障碍 叙事 评估 干预 

分 类 号：G76[文化科学—特殊教育学]