2018—2020年北京市售蟹类镉含量调查及评价  

Investigation and evaluation of cadmium in crabs sold in Beijing from 2018 to 2020

作　　者：邢仕歌[1] 刘通 李永亮[2] 姚桂红 张雨佳 王海越 张峰[1] XING Shige;Liu Tong;LI Yongliang;YAO Guihong;ZHANG Yujia;WANG Haiyue;ZHANG Feng(Institute of Food Safety,Chinese Academy of Inspection and Quarantine,Beijing 100176,China;Comprehensive Test Center,Chinese Academy of Inspection and Quarantine,Beijing 100123,China)

机构地区：[1]中国检验检疫科学研究院食品安全研究所,北京100176 [2]中国检验检疫科学研究院综合检测中心,北京100123

出　　处：《中国食品卫生杂志》2021年第6期760-764,共5页Chinese Journal of Food Hygiene

基　　金：国家重点研发计划(2018YFC1603700)。

摘　　要：目的抽测2018—2020年北京市售蟹类中镉含量并进行评价,为蟹类的质量安全性评价提供基础数据。方法采用随机采样的方法,采集北京市售常见蟹类,采用原子吸收光谱法对蟹中的镉含量进行检测;采用靶标危害系数法(THQ)评估人体每日通过蟹类摄入重金属所带来的健康风险。结果 2018—2020年共采集蟹类样品83份,重金属镉含量平均值为0.647 mg/kg。从蟹类的生长环境来看,淡水蟹重金属镉含量范围为0.043~0.620 mg/kg,平均值为0.183 mg/kg;海水蟹重金属镉含量范围为0.033~3.200 mg/kg,平均值为1.070 mg/kg;3年间蟹类中镉超标率差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05)。儿童、成人摄入蟹类中重金属的THQ值和总THQ值依次递减。不同年龄人群膳食摄入蟹类中镉的THQ值均<1。结论通过连续3年的系统性调查,本次采集的2018—2020年北京市售蟹类中存在一定的镉残留,其中海水蟹中镉含量超标现象较多,需加强监测;由于蟹类的食用具有季节性,普通人群摄入量较少,膳食风险相对较低。Objective To detect the content of Cadmium(Cd) in crab sold in Beijing from 2018 to 2020 and carry out health risk assessment. Methods Random sampling method was adopted, common crab sold in Beijing were sampled. The content of Cd was determined by atomic absorption spectroscopy to evaluate the health risk. Results A total of 83 crab samples were collected. The average level of Cd in crabs was 0.647 mg/kg. Among them, the Cd content in freshwater crabs ranged from 0.043-0.620 mg/kg with the average level of 0.183 mg/kg. Whereas, the concentration of Cd in seawater crabs ranged from 0.033-3.200 mg/kg with the average level of 1.070 mg/kg. Moreover, the difference of the over-limit ratio was significant during three year. The THQ value and total THQ value of heavy metals in crab ingested by children and adults decreased in turn. The THQ values of Cd were less than 1. Conclusion Although the results indicated that there were certain amounts of Cd residues in the crabs sold in Beijing during 2018-2020, the dietary risk was relatively low because of the low intake.

关 键 词：镉 蟹 海水蟹 原子吸收光谱 

分 类 号：R155[医药卫生—营养与食品卫生学]