东洞庭湖区城市雷暴活动规律  

The Law of Urban Thunderstorm Activities in Eastern Dongting Lake Region

作　　者：孟蕾[1,2] 廖玉芳 汤亦豪 Meng Lei;Liao Yufang;Tang Yihao(Hunan Branch of China Meteorological Administration Training Centre, Changsha 410125, China;Hunan Key Laboratory of Meteorological Disaster Prevention and Mitigation, Changsha 410118, China;Hunan Institute of Meteorological Sciences, Changsha 410118, China;Hunan Climate Center, Changsha 410118, China)

机构地区：[1]中国气象局气象干部培训学院湖南分院,长沙410125 [2]气象防灾减灾湖南省重点实验室,长沙410118 [3]湖南省气象科学研究所,长沙410118 [4]湖南省气候中心,长沙410118

出　　处：《气象与环境科学》2022年第1期39-47,共9页Meteorological and Environmental Sciences

基　　金：中国气象局气候变化专项(CCSF202029);中国气象局气象干部培训学院青年项目(青2021-014)。

摘　　要：基于1961-2013年岳阳国家气象观测站雷暴观测资料,采用核密度估计、线性倾向方法、Morlet小波分析和Mann-Kendall趋势检验分析东洞庭湖区城市雷暴基本规律与变化情况。结果表明:1961-2013年东洞庭湖区城市雷暴日数以夏季的最多,春季的次之,秋、冬季节的较少,呈现波动减少的趋势,尤其是春、夏季雷暴日减少速度最快。雷暴主要起止时间集中于午后和凌晨,春、冬两季的雷暴多起止于凌晨,夏、秋两季的多起止于午后。秋季雷暴持续时间最长,冬季的最短。雷暴多起始于东洞庭湖湖面,多终止于湖面及湖面与城区交界的位置。日间雷暴起始于湖面和城区的频率相当,终止于湖面与城区交界处的频率较高;夜间雷暴主要起始于湖面,较大部分会在原方位终止,少部分移向湖面与城区交界处或城区后终止。雷暴起止于湖面与城区交界处的概率显著增加,且昼夜差异明显。Thunderstorm observation data from the Yueyang national meteorological observation station in 1961—2013 are used to analyze the basic law and variation characteristics of urban thunderstorm in the eastern Dongting Lake area with the methods of kernel density estimation,linear tendency method,Morlet wavelet analysis and Mann-Kendall trend test.The results show that the number of urban thunderstorm days in eastern Dongting Lake area is the most in summer,next in spring,and less in autumn and winter from 1961 to 2013.There is a trend of fluctuating decrease,especially in spring and summer.Thunderstorms tend to occur and end in the afternoon of summer and autumn,and in the early morning of spring and winter.The autumn thunderstorms last the longest,while the duration of the winter thunderstorms is the shortest.Most thunderstorms start from the surface of eastern Dongting Lake and end over the junction area between the lake and urban area.The frequency of daytime thunderstorms beginning on the lake surface is similar with that in the urban area.However,the frequency of daytime thunderstorm that ends in the junction part of the lake and urban area is higher.Nighttime thunderstorms mainly start from the lake surface,with most ending at their original location,and a few ending at the junction area of lake surface and urban area or behind urban area.The probability of thunderstorms which begin and end in the junction of the lake and urban area has increased significantly,and there is an apparent difference between the daytime thunderstorms and nighttime thunderstorms.

关 键 词：洞庭湖 雷暴 核密度估计 小波分析 

分 类 号：P429[天文地球—大气科学及气象学] X43[环境科学与工程—灾害防治]