职业照射对介入放射工作人员外周血淋巴细胞微核、染色体畸变及血细胞的影响  

Effect of occupational irradiation on micronucleus and chromosomal aberration in peripheral blood lymphocytes and hemogram of interventional radiation workers

作　　者：那向杰 张秋玲 田欣鑫 孙素梅 NA Xiang-jie;ZHANG Qiu-ling;TIAN Xin-xin;SUN Su-mei(Institute of Occupational Disease Prevention and Control,Liaoning Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Liaoning Shenyang,110005,China)

机构地区：[1]辽宁省疾病预防控制中心职业病防治与职业卫生预防控制所,辽宁沈阳110005

出　　处：《职业与健康》2021年第24期3325-3328,共4页Occupation and Health

基　　金：辽宁省自然科学基金(2018225044)。

摘　　要：目的探索职业照射对介入放射工作人员外周血淋巴细胞染色体、微核和血细胞的影响。方法选取2018—2019年在辽宁省疾病预防控制中心进行职业健康检查的500名从事介入放射工作的三级甲等医院医务人员作为介入组,选取未接触辐射的424名健康从业人员为对照组,采用全血培养法对染色体进行培养、标本制备及畸变分析、微核率检测和血细胞计数,并对个人剂量进行监测。结果介入组的染色体总畸变检出率(11.60%)显著高于对照组(1.42%),差异有统计学意义(P<0.01)。介入组无着丝粒断片检出率(7.40%)、双着丝粒体检出率(5.40%)及微核检出率(4.40‰)也显著高于对照组(1.18%、0.24%、3.63‰),差异均有统计学意义(均P<0.01)。血细胞计数各指标均值差异均无统计学意义(均P>0.05);不同工龄组的双着丝粒体检出率、总畸变检出率、微核检出率随着工龄的增加呈增长趋势,但差异均无统计学意义(均P>0.05),各工龄组间人均年有效剂量随着工龄的增加而增加,差异有统计学意义(P<0.01)。不同岗位介入放射工作人员的染色体总畸变率、人均年有效剂量比较,差异均有统计学意义(均P<0.05)。结论职业照射对介入放射工作人员微核率及染色体畸变率有不同程度的影响,对血细胞计数各指标的影响不明显,长期职业照射可致微核率和染色体畸变率明显增加,并随着工龄的增加而增加。Objective To explore the effects of occupational irradiation on micronucleus and chromosomal aberration in peripheral blood lymphocytes and hemogram of interventional radiation workers.Methods Totally 500 interventional radiation workers from grade-A tertiary hospital,who have received the occupational health examination in the Liaoning Center for Disease Control and Prevention from 2018-2019,were collected as the the intervention group,and 424 health practitioners who had not been exposed to radiation were selected as the control group.Chromosome culture,specimen preparation and aberration analysis,micronucleus rate detection and blood cell count were performed by whole blood culture method,and individual dose was monitored.Results The detection rate of total chromosome aberration in the intervention group(11.60%)was higher than that in the control group(1.42%),and the difference was statistically significant(P<0.01).The detection rate of acentromere fragment(7.40%)and bicentromere fragment(5.40%),and the detection rate of micronucleus(4.40‰)in the intervention group were higher than those in the control group(1.18%,0.24%,3.63‰),and the differences were statistically significant(all P<0.01).There were no statistically significant differences in the means of blood cell count indexes(all P>0.05).The detection rates of bicentromere,total distortion and micronucleus among different working age groups increased with the increase of working age,but the differences were not statistically significant(all P>0.05).The effective annual dose per capita among all working age groups increased with the increase of working age,and the difference was statistically significant(P<0.01).There were statistically significant differences in total chromosome aberration rate and per capita annual effective dose among interventional radiation workers in different positions(all P<0.05).Conclusion The micronucleus rate and chromosomal aberration rate of interventional radiation workers are affected by occupational irradiation to differ

关 键 词：介入放射工作人员 染色体畸变 微核率 血细胞计数 有效剂量 

分 类 号：R148[医药卫生—公共卫生与预防医学]