不同栽培基质对肺形侧耳营养成分及呈味物质的影响  

Effects of culture substrates on nutritional and flavor components of Pleurotus pulmonarius

作　　者：汪乔 王祥锋 杨晓君 郭玉峰 周婷 朱孟娟 王丽[1] WANG Qiao;WANG Xiang-Feng;YANG Xiao-Jun;GUO Yu-Feng;ZHOU Ting;ZHU Meng-Juan;WANG Li(Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology,College of Plant Protection,Shandong Agricultural University,Tai’an,Shandong 271018,China)

机构地区：[1]山东农业大学植物保护学院,山东省农业微生物重点实验室,山东泰安271018

出　　处：《菌物学报》2021年第12期3182-3195,共14页Mycosystema

基　　金：国家自然科学基金青年科学基金(31701976);山东省现代农业产业技术体系食用菌创新团队建设项目(SDAIT-07-06)。

摘　　要：以3种林木枝条废弃物(金银花、松木、杨木)作为栽培基质,对4株综合性状较优异的肺形侧耳菌株进行栽培,测定不同栽培基质的肺形侧耳子实体中粗蛋白、水解氨基酸、游离氨基酸、总糖及5′-核苷酸组成与含量,研究不同菌株、不同栽培基质下肺形侧耳子实体营养成分及呈味物质的含量,以柞木+棉籽壳传统栽培基质作为对照。结果表明不同菌株之间、不同栽培基质之间肺形侧耳子实体的营养成分及呈味物质都具显著差异,其中以金银花作为栽培基质时,菌株P2、P3、P45子实体粗蛋白和水解氨基酸含量在4种基质中最高;以松木作为栽培基质时其游离氨基酸总量在4种基质中普遍最高;所有样品中的等鲜浓度值(EUC)范围为67.91–146.13g MSG/100g,其中以金银花为基质的菌株P3子实体EUC值最高,而以柞木+棉籽壳为基质的菌株P7子实体EUC值最低。本研究可为基于各地农林废弃物开展肺形侧耳的栽培生产提供一定的理论指导。Three kinds of forestry wastes(honeysuckle branches,pine sawdust,poplar sawdust)were used to cultivate four selected Pleurotus pulmonarius strains,and the content of crude protein,total sugars,hydrolyzed amino acid,free amino acid and umami 5′-nucleotides in the fruiting bodies were determined.The traditional cultivation substrate,oak wood+cotton seed husk,was used as the control.The results showed that the nutrients and flavor components of P.pulmonarius significantly changed with strains and cultivated substrates.When honeysuckle branches were used as the substrate,the content of crude protein and hydrolyzed amino acid in fruiting bodies of the strain P2,P3,and P45 were the highest;when pine sawdust was used as the cultivation substrate,the total amount of free amino acids in fruiting bodies was generally the highest.Equivalent umami concentration(EUC)value of fruiting bodies cultivated on four kinds of substrates ranged from 67.91 to 146.13g MSG/100g.The highest EUC value occurred in fruiting bodies of the strain P3 cultivated on honeysuckle branches,while the EUC value of fruiting bodies in CK group was the lowest.This study indicates that local agricultural and forestry wastes can be utilized for the production and cultivation of P.pulmonarius.

关 键 词：林木废弃物 肺形侧耳 子实体 呈味物质 等鲜浓度值(EUC) 

分 类 号：S646.14[农业科学—蔬菜学]