中国国家博物馆藏《永瑆行书唐姚合诗轴》研究  

A Study on the Running Script of Tang Yao Poetry by Yongsing Stowed at the National Museum of China

作　　者：刘惠 Liu Hui

机构地区：[1]天津理工大学马克思主义学院,天津300384

出　　处：《中国国家博物馆馆刊》2021年第12期116-125,共10页Journal of National Museum of China

基　　金：教育部人文社会科学研究项目“文化认同与民族融合:清代八旗世家私学教育研究”(项目编号:20YJCZH092);中国博士后科学基金第68批面上资助项目“文化史视野下清代满洲士大夫的交流空间与精神世界——以中国国家博物馆馆藏旗人档案和书画为中心”(项目编号:2020M680633)阶段性成果。

摘　　要：本文结合清代实录、传记、文集、书画题跋及档案等多重史料,深入研究中国国家博物馆藏《永瑆行书唐姚合诗轴》背后的历史信息。该诗轴是成亲王永瑆赠予郑亲王乌尔恭阿而非积哈纳之作。永瑆与乌尔恭阿同为王公贵族,既是姻亲关系,又有相同爱好,因此形成书画鉴藏、诗歌唱和与文人雅集等为载体的多族群、多元化的文化交游与民族交往。本文推测永瑆在嘉庆四年(1799年)职务被罢免后向乌尔恭阿赠送该诗轴,在郑亲王府权势兴衰和政治际遇演变的背景下,隐晦表达自己政治失意落寞心境的同时,警示友人谨慎涉足政治。由此,本文认为清代王公贵族进行的书画艺术创作,绝不仅仅体现出满族崇儒尚学的文化心理,更是特殊的政治背景下逃避政治、明哲保身的无奈之举。而考察宗室书画家艺术作品及其背后历史信息,成为理解清代宗室王公特殊政治境遇、多元交流空间和复杂精神世界的又一新路径。This paper conducts profound studies on the historical information behind the hanging scroll Running Script of Tang Yao Poetry by Yongxing stowed at the National Museum of China using historical materials such as actual records,biographies,anthologies,calligraphy and painting postscripts and archives.The scroll was a gift from Yongsing to Urgongge,not Jihana.Yongsing and Urgongge were not only related by affinity,but also had the same hobbies.Therefore,the trans-ethnic and diversified cultural exchanges like calligraphy and painting collection,poetry singing and literati assembly between the two were formed.This paper speculates that Yongsing gave the scroll to Urgongge to implicitly express his sense of loss after he was dismissed in 1799.The scroll was also a warning to his friend that one should be careful in politics.Therefore,this paper points out that the artistic creation by the princes and nobles in the Qing Dynasty not only reflected the Manchu’s cultural psychology of admiring Confucianism,but also served as a way of escaping from politics and protecting themselves under special political background.The investigation on relevant art works and the historical information behind them has become a new way to understand the special political status,diversified communication space and complex spiritual world of imperial family princes in the Qing Dynasty.

关 键 词：永瑆 乌尔恭阿 书法 宗室 思想心态 

分 类 号：J292.1[艺术—美术] K249[历史地理—历史学]