湖南省马铃薯病毒病发生情况调查  

Investigation on occurrence of potato virus disease in Hunan province

作　　者：崔红红 张幸媛 田宇豪 甘斌 尹燕 胡新喜[1] 熊兴耀 秦玉芝[1] CUI Honghong;ZHANG Xingyuan;TIAN Yuhao;GAN Bin;YIN Yan;HU Xinxi;XIONG Xingyao;QIN Yuzhi(College of Horticulture,Hunan Agricultural University, ERC for Horticultural Crop Germplasm Creation and New Variety Breeding,Ministry of Education, Changsha 410128, China;Agricultural Genomics Institute at Shenzhen, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shenzhen 518120, China)

机构地区：[1]湖南农业大学园艺学院,园艺作物种质创新与品种选育教育部工程研究中心,长沙410128 [2]中国农业科学院深圳农业基因组研究所,深圳518120

出　　处：《植物保护》2022年第1期198-203,共6页Plant Protection

基　　金：国家重点研发计划(2017YFD0101905);湖南省旱粮产业技术体系育种与良种繁殖岗位科学家项目。

摘　　要：为了解湖南省马铃薯种薯质量和主要病毒病发生情况,2019年-2020年马铃薯秋作和冬作期间,对长沙、益阳、湘潭、澧临等马铃薯生产区的155个马铃薯样品,运用反转录-聚合酶链式反应(RT-PCR)和双抗体夹心酶联免疫吸附检测(DAS-ELISA)技术,筛查6种主要马铃薯病毒,包括马铃薯X病毒Potato virus X(PVX)、马铃薯Y病毒Potato virus Y(PVY)、马铃薯M病毒Potato virus M(PVM)、马铃薯S病毒Potato virus S(PVS)、马铃薯A病毒Potato virus A(PVA)、马铃薯卷叶病毒Potato leaf roll virus(PLRV)。检测结果表明:6种马铃薯病毒病在湖南均有不同程度的发生,单一和两种病毒复合感染植株占比最高,其次是3种病毒复合感染,存在极少数植株复合感染4~5种病毒病情况。在秋作马铃薯中,PVY检出率达到29.41%;PVS和PVA检出率均为27.94%;PVM、PVX、PLRV的检出率分别为20.59%、19.12%、17.65%。在冬作马铃薯中,PVX检出率最高,达到31.03%;其次是PLRV,检出率为25.29%;PVS、PVM、PVA、PVY的检出率依次为19.54%、16.09%、10.34%、5.75%。综上所述,近年来湖南地区马铃薯病毒病发生有抬头之势,其中PVX和PVY最为严重,复合感染增加,受天气和种源影响,秋作马铃薯比冬作马铃薯情况严重。To clear the quality of seed potato tubers and the occurrence of major virus diseases in Hunan province,155 potato samples from Changsha,Yiyang,Xiangtan and Lilin potato production areas from 2019 to 2020 were screened for six major potato viruses,including Potato virus X(PVX),Potato virus Y(PVY),Potato virus M(PVM),Potato virus S(PVS),Potato virus A(PVA),Potato leaf roll virus(PLRV)by reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction(RT-PCR)and double antibody sandwich enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay(DAS-ELISA).The results showed that six potato virus occurred in different degrees in Hunan province.The proportion of single and two kinds of virus infection was the highest,followed by three kinds of virus infection,while there were very few plants infected with 4-5 kinds of virus diseases.In autumn potatoes,the detection rate of PVY reached 29.41%,those rates of PVS and PVA were 27.94%,while those of PVM,PVX and PLRV were 20.59%,19.12%and 17.65%,respectively.In winter potatoes,the detection rate of PVX was the highest(31.03%),followed by PLRV(25.29%),while those of PVS,PVM,PVA and PVY were 19.54%,16.09%,10.34%and 5.75%,respectively.In conclusion,in recent years,the occurrence of potato virus diseases in Hunan province has been on the rise,especially PVX and PVY are the most serious,and the mixed infection is increasing.Affected by weather and provenance,the situation of virus infection in autumn potato is more serious than that in winter potato.

关 键 词：马铃薯 病毒病 调查鉴定 RT-PCR DAS-ELISA 

分 类 号：S435.32[农业科学—农业昆虫与害虫防治]