宁夏马铃薯晚疫病菌交配型和生理小种研究  

Investigation of mating type and physiological race of Phytophthora infestans from Ningxia

作　　者：王喜刚[1] 郭成瑾[1] 张丽荣[1] 胡丽杰 沈瑞清[1] WANG Xigang;GUO Chengjin;ZHANG Lirong;HU Lijie;SHEN Ruiqing(Institute of Plant Protection, Ningxia Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences, Yinchuan 750002, China)

机构地区：[1]宁夏农林科学院植物保护研究所,银川750002

出　　处：《植物保护》2022年第1期227-233,共7页Plant Protection

基　　金：宁夏农林科学院对外科技合作专项(DWX-2018035);第五批“自治区青年科技人才托举工程”(NXKJ TJGC2020027);宁夏回族自治区自然科学基金(2020AAC03315);宁夏农林科学院科技创新引导项目(NKYG-18-07)。

摘　　要：为明确宁夏回族自治区马铃薯主产区晚疫病菌的交配型种类以及生理小种的类型、组成和分布,为宁夏有针对性地选育马铃薯抗晚疫病品种提供科学依据。利用A1、A2交配型标准菌株和含有11个主效抗性基因的鉴别寄主,对2018年-2019年从原州区、泾源县、彭阳县、隆德县、西吉县、盐池县、海原县采集得到的130个马铃薯晚疫病菌菌株进行交配型和生理小种鉴定。结果表明,宁夏马铃薯晚疫病菌群体的交配型和生理小种存在多样性,采集地交配型有A1、A2、SF(自育型)3类,分别占被测菌株的30%、63.8%、6.2%;生理小种有8种类型,其中生理小种1.2.3.4.5.6.7.8.9.10.11发生频率最高,占被测菌株总数的44.62%,是宁夏马铃薯主栽区的晚疫病菌优势小种,在各测试地均有分布;次优势小种为3.4.10和1.2.3.5.6.7.8.11,发生频率分别为12.31%和10.77%。宁夏不同种植区域马铃薯晚疫病菌交配型组成复杂,采集地组成差异较大,但西吉县、原州区交配型年度间的变化基本趋于一致。宁夏马铃薯晚疫病菌群体组成日趋复杂,生产中要合理布局已有抗病品种,挖掘培育抗病水平高的新品种,综合防控马铃薯晚疫病。The present study was conducted to determine mating types of Phytophthora infestans and the types,composition and distribution of physiological race in Ningxia Hui Autonomous,so as to provide references for late blight resistance breeding in potato and disease control.130 isolates from potato collected from Yuanzhou district,Jingyuan county,Pengyang county,Longde county,Xiji county,Yanchi county and Haiyuan county from 2018 to 2019 were tested with A1,A2 mating type and 11 mono-gene R1-R11 potato clones of potato late blight differential host.The results showed that the mating type and physiological races of P.infestans populations in Ningxia are diversified.The mating types at the collection site are A1,A2,and SF(self-fertility mating type),accounting for 30%,63.8%and 6.2%of the tested strains,respectively.There are eight types of physiological races,among which the physiological race 1.2.3.4.5.6.7.8.9.10.11 has the highest occurrence frequency,accounting for 44.62%of the total number of the tested strains,which was the dominant race in the main potato cultivation area in Ningxia and distributed in each test site.The secondary dominant races were 3.4.10 and 1.2.3.5.6.7.8.11,with the frequency of 12.31%and 10.77%,respectively.The composition of mating type of P.infestans in different planting areas of Ningxia is complex,and the composition of collection sites is quite different,but the annual variation of mating type in Xiji and Guyuan regions tends to be consistent.The composition of potato late blight population in Ningxia is becoming more and more complex.In production,it is necessary to rationally arrange available disease-resistant varieties,dig out and cultivate new varieties with high disease resistance,for potato late blight control.

关 键 词：马铃薯晚疫病 交配型 生理小种 宁夏 

分 类 号：S435.32[农业科学—农业昆虫与害虫防治]