厌氧菌群TC-5生物强化秸秆猪粪混合发酵过程的研究  

Effects of Anaerobic Microbial Flora TC-5 Inoculation on Co-anaerobic Digestion of Straw and Pig Manure

作　　者：孔祥平 奚永兰[1,2] 杜静 王宇欣[1] 黄艳 叶小梅 KONG Xiang-ping;XI Yong-lan;DU Jing;WANG Yu-xing;HUANG Yan;YE Xiao-mei(Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Institute of Animal Science,Nanjing 210014,China;East China Scientific Observing and Experimental Station of Development and Utilization of Rural Renewable Energy Ministry of Agriculture,Nanjing 210014,China;Biogas Institute of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs,Chengdu 610041,China)

机构地区：[1]江苏省农业科学院畜牧研究所,江苏南京210014 [2]农业农村部农村可再生能源华东科学观测实验站,江苏南京210014 [3]农业农村部沼气科学研究所,四川成都610041

出　　处：《中国沼气》2021年第6期9-14,共6页China Biogas

基　　金：国家自然科学基金青年基金(21908087);农业农村部农村可再生能源开发利用重点实验室开放课题(2019009)。

摘　　要：厌氧消化过程是通过多种不同功能的微生物协同交互作用将有机废弃物转化成生物能源甲烷,对厌氧发酵系统中微生物种类和功能进行调控是提高厌氧发酵过程效率的重要途径。该研究基于生物菌群强化技术研究了添加厌氧微生物菌群TC-5对半连续秸秆/猪粪发酵体系产甲烷过程和微生物组成的影响。实验结果表明:添加生物强化菌剂TC-5能够提高日产量和累计产气量,与批次发酵和未接种菌剂组相比,甲烷产量可提高12.47%~15.04%。通过高通量测序技术分析了不同发酵过程中微生物菌落的动态变化,发现发酵型细菌Christensenellaceae_(R)-7_(g)roup,Clostridium sensu stricto_(1),vadinBC27 wastewater sludge group和产甲烷古菌Methanosaeta的相对丰度均比批次发酵和未接种TC-5菌剂的半连续发酵过程显著提高,发酵型细菌和乙酸营养型产甲烷菌的丰度升高可能是发酵过程甲烷产量提高的原因。相关实验结果表明采用微生物菌剂TC-5强化厌氧发酵过程提升甲烷产量是一种可行的技术方案。The anaerobic digestion process converts organic wastes into methane through the synergistic interaction of a variety of microorganisms with different functions.Therefore,regulating the species and functions of microorganisms in the fermentation system is an important way to improve the efficiency of anaerobic fermentation process.In this study,the effects of adding anaerobic microbial flora TC-5 on methanogenesis and microbial diversity of semi-continuous straw/pig manure fermentation system were studied.The results showed that the addition of anaerobic microbial flora TC-5 could increase the methane yield by 12.47%~15.04% comparing with the batch fermentation group and the group without inoculated TC-5.The dynamic changes of microbial colonies during different fermentation processes were analyzed by high-throughput sequencing technology.The relative abundance of fermentative bacteria ChristensenellaceAE_(R)-7_(g)roup,Clostridium sensu Stricto_(1) and vadinBC27 wastewater sludge group,and Methanosaeta were significantly higher than that in batch fermentation and semi-continuous fermentation without TC-5 inoculation.The abundance increase of fermentation-type bacteria and acetic acid-trophic methanogenic bacteria may be the reason for the increase of methane production.The experimental results showed that it is a feasible method to use microbial flora TC-5 to enhance the anaerobic fermentation process for higher methane production.

关 键 词：厌氧发酵 沼气 生物强化 微生物多样性 

分 类 号：S216.2[农业科学—农业机械化工程] S216.4[农业科学—农业工程]