马达加斯加语言政策的变迁对语言生态的影响  

Evolution of Language Policies in Madagascar and Its Influence on the Ecolinguistics of the Country

作　　者：杜怡濛 苏晓楠 Du Yimeng;Su Xiaonan

机构地区：[1]北京外国语大学非洲学院

出　　处：《法语国家与地区研究（中法文）》2022年第1期11-20,89,共11页Etudes Francophones

基　　金：2020年度国家语委“十三五”科研规划重点项目“非洲国家语言状况与语言政策研究”(项目号:ZDI135-115)阶段性成果。

摘　　要：马达加斯加与大多数非洲国家一样拥有多元的语言环境,但是在殖民之前形成的通用的民族语言是不同族群间交流的工具。马达加斯加独立以来的语言政策确立了马达加斯加语和法语的双官方语言格局。近年来,马达加斯加政府提出了一系列保护民族语言的规划措施,不断探讨如何完善语言和文化教育政策,以期促进国家全面发展。这些旨在提升民族语言地位的语言政策是否达到了预期的目标?当今的语言生态格局中马达加斯加语和法语是否延续了殖民时期的双层关系?语言政策的变迁对马达加斯加当今语言生态产生了怎样的影响?当今的语言规划还面临着怎样的挑战?本文将针对以上问题进行探究。Madagascar,like most Sub-Saharan African countries,has a diverse language environment,with the common national language formed before colonization being a tool for communication between different ethnic groups.Madagascar has adopted both Malagasy and French as its official languages since its independence.In recent years,the government of Madagascar has taken a series of measures to protect national language and constantly explored the improvement of linguistic planning in cultural and educational policies to promote the country’s all-round development.Have these language policies aimed at enhancing the status of national language achieved the expected goals?Do Malagasy and French in the current language ecology continue the diglossia relationship of the colonial period?How has the change of language policy affected Madagascar’s current language ecology?What are the challenges facing today’s language planning?This issues are dwelled upon in this article.

关 键 词：语言政策 语言生态 马达加斯加 法语 民族语言 

分 类 号：H002[语言文字—语言学]