明清外销广绣织物品类的艺术语言分析  

An analysis of the artistic language regarding export of Canton embroidery fabric categoryin the Ming and Qing Dynasties

作　　者：陈金怡[1] CHEN Jinyi(College of Arts,South China Agricultural University,Guangzhou 510642,China)

机构地区：[1]华南农业大学艺术学院,广州510642

出　　处：《丝绸》2022年第2期152-157,共6页Journal of Silk

基　　金：教育部人文社会科学研究青年基金项目(17YJC760003)。

摘　　要：明清时期受海上丝绸之路的带动,广绣成为最主要的出口手工艺术品之一,在艺术表现中明显吸收了西方艺术风格。文章通过对外销广绣商品实物、图片和国内外文献等多元化方式进行调研,结果表明:因海外贸易市场的驱动及多元化的消费需求,广绣外销织物呈现观赏型、定制型及批量型三种品类,且它们在对西方艺术的借鉴方式及程度上表现不一致,在艺术形式及制作方式上都呈现出了各自的特点。外销观赏型通过西方透视构图、色彩光影明暗烘托、水路技艺等艺术手段强调整体画面的立体空间感;外销定制型通过图案的题材和造型等艺术形式突出图案构造的创新;外销批量型则通过就简的工艺、艺人的分工合作等方面突出制作的程式化特点。虽然它们呈现的艺术特色有所区别,但都体现了明清时期商品经济以市场需求为导向的商品特征。In the Ming and Qing Dynasties,driven by the Maritime Silk Road,Canton embroidery became one of the most important export handicrafts,and its artistic expression obviously absorbed the western art style.Due to the large demand of overseas consumer market,an obvious division of labour appeared in Canton embroidery production and the category exhibited a diversified development trend.This paper conducts an in-depth analysis of the Chinese and Western cultural and artistic characteristics of different categories of export Canton embroidery fabrics from the perspective of art theory,hoping to help people develop ideas for the diversified inheritance and innovative development of Canton embroidery in the future.Based on the diversified investigation and analysis of the objects,pictures and domestic and overseas literature of the export Canton embroidery commodities,the results show that driven by the overseas trade market and diversified consumer demand,the export fabrics of Canton embroidery are of three categories:ornamental type,customized type and batch type,which are inconsistent in the way and degree of reference to Western art,and show their own characteristics in art form and production mode.Ornamental embroidery not only fully shows the exquisite production skills of traditional Canton embroidery,but also integrates the Western artistic style,and emphasizes the sense of three-dimensional space by artistic means such as Western perspective composition,color,light and shadow contrast and waterway technology.Influenced by the special needs of customization and the production mode of ordering according to samples,the customized embroidery further highlights the personal aesthetic preferences of Western consumers.It not only displays the characteristics of Chinese traditional technology,but also has the aesthetic characteristics of Western art decoration.Especially influenced by the popular art style of European Rococo of that time,the customized embroidery fabric highlights the innovation of pattern structure thr

关 键 词：明清 外销广绣商品 品类 艺术语言 刺绣 海上丝绸之路 

分 类 号：TS935.1[轻工技术与工程] J523.1[艺术—艺术设计]