水热处理对黄豆秸秆体外发酵、甲烷生成及微生物的影响  

Effects of hydrothermal treatment on in vitro fermentation,methanogenesis and microbiota of soybean straw

作　　者：周承福 汪水平[1,4] 张佰忠 张秀敏[3] 王荣[3] 马志远[3] 王敏[3] ZHOU Cheng-fu;WANG Shui-ping;ZHANG Bai-zhong;ZHANG Xiu-min;WANG Rong;MA Zhi-yuan;WANG Min(College of Animal Science and Technology,Southwest University,Chongqing 402460,China;Hunan Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Institute,Changsha 410131,China;Key Laboratory of Agro-Ecological Processes in Subtropical Region,Institute of Subtropical Agriculture,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Changsha 410125,China;Baiyu Muwang Agricultural Science and Technology Co,Ltd,Baiyu Yumu Kangyuan Animal Husbandry Science and Technology Co,Ltd.,Baiyu 627150,China)

机构地区：[1]西南大学动物科学技术学院,重庆402460 [2]湖南省畜牧兽医研究所,湖南长沙410131 [3]中国科学院亚热带农业生态研究所,亚热带农业生态过程重点实验室,湖南长沙410125 [4]白玉县牧旺农业科技有限公司,白玉县玉牧康源牧业有限公司,四川白玉627150

出　　处：《草业学报》2022年第2期171-181,共11页Acta Prataculturae Sinica

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(31561143009);湖南省重大专项(2017NK1020);四川省科技计划项目(2019YFN0080)资助。

摘　　要：本试验旨在研究水热处理对黄豆秸秆体外发酵、甲烷生成及微生物的影响。黄豆秸秆经水热处理后,利用全自动体外模拟瘤胃发酵系统发酵72 h,评估化学成分变化、降解特性、发酵参数、产气参数及微生物区系。结果表明:水热处理降低黄豆秸秆中性洗涤纤维(P<0.001)、酸性洗涤纤维(P<0.001)及半纤维素(P<0.001)含量,提高中性洗涤可溶物(P<0.001)、水溶性碳水化合物(P<0.001)、阿拉伯糖(P<0.001)及半乳糖(P<0.001)含量;水热处理提高黄豆秸秆干物质消失率(P<0.001)和发酵液挥发性脂肪酸浓度(P<0.05),降低乙酸/丙酸(P<0.001)、甲烷(P<0.001)与氢气产量(P<0.001)及真菌(P<0.01)、产琥珀酸丝状杆菌(P<0.05)和产甲烷菌(P<0.05)数量。结果显示:水热处理可破坏黄豆秸秆纤维素-半纤维素-木质素结构,增加中性洗涤可溶物含量,促进瘤胃降解,并减少真菌和产甲烷菌的数量,降低甲烷产量。The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of hydrothermal treatment on in vitro fermentation,methanogenesis and microbiota of soybean straw.The chemical compositions,the degradation characteristics,the fermentation parameters and the microbial flora were estimated for the soybean straws with and without hydrothermal treatment using an automatic ruminal fermentation system with 72 h of incubation.It was found that:The hydrothermal treatment reduced the concentrations of neutral detergent fiber(P<0.001),acid detergent fiber(P<0.001)and hemicellulose(P<0.001)in the soybean straw,and increased the concentrations of neutral detergent soluble fiber(P<0.001),water soluble carbohydrates(P<0.001),arabinose(P<0.001)and galactose(P<0.001).The hydrothermal treatment increased dry matter degradability(P<0.001)and volatile fatty acid concentration(P<0.05),and decreased the acetate:propionate concentration(P<0.001),the gas production of methane(P<0.001)and hydrogen(P<0.001)and the populations of fungi(P<0.01),methanogenic bacteria(P<0.05)and Fibrobacter succinogenes(P<0.05).The results indicate that the hydrothermal treatment disrupted the cellulose-hemicellulose-lignin structural matrix of soybean straw,thereby increasing the soluble matter content,improving the ruminal degradation,leading to reduction in the number of fungi and methanogens,and decreased methane production.

关 键 词：水热处理 黄豆秸秆 体外发酵 甲烷生成 瘤胃微生物 

分 类 号：S816[农业科学—饲料科学]