电动客车用余热回收型热泵的换热器优化及性能实验研究  

Heat Exchanger Optimization and Performance Test of Waste Heat Recovery Heat Pump for Electric Bus

作　　者：张文超 邹慧明[2] 韩欣欣[3] 唐明生[2] 田长青[2] Zhang Wenchao;Zou Huiming;Han Xinxin;Tang Mingsheng;Tian Changqing(Merchant Marine College, Shanghai Maritime University, Shanghai, 201306, China;Key Laboratory of Science and Technology on Space Energy Conversion, Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry, CAS, Beijing, 100190, China;Henan Polytechnic University, Jiaozuo, 454000, China)

机构地区：[1]上海海事大学商船学院,上海201306 [2]中国科学院理化技术研究所空间功热转换技术重点实验室,北京100190 [3]河南理工大学土木工程学院,焦作454000

出　　处：《制冷学报》2022年第1期91-99,共9页Journal of Refrigeration

基　　金：国家重点研发计划(2017YFB0103801)资助项目。

摘　　要：本文针对热泵空调系统在冬季低温工况下制热能力衰减问题,通过换热器设计优化,研发出基于喷射补气的余热回收型热泵空调系统,并进行了性能实验研究。结果表明:研制的准二级压缩电动客车热泵空调系统在低温条件下具有较好的制热性能。在环境温度为-20℃,车内温度为20℃,余热量为1.8 kW的制热工况下,相比于无余热回收工况,系统制热量和COP分别提升了33.15%和9.94%;在环境温度为35℃,车内温度为27℃的制冷工况下,电池散热量为2.0 kW时,相比于无电池冷却的单级压缩系统,优化后的电动客车热泵空调系统的总制冷量和COP分别提升了4.58%和3.72%。In this study,a heat pump air conditioning system with waste heat recovery was developed based on vapor injection,and the performance was investigated experimentally.The study aimed to address the problem of heating capacity attenuation of heat pump air conditioning systems at low temperatures in winter,through the optimization of heat exchanger design.The experimental results show that the quasi two-stage compression heat pump air conditioner for electric buses exhibits good heating performance at low temperatures.Compared with the same working conditions without waste heat recovery,the heating capacity and coefficient of performance(COP)of the system are improved by 33.15%and 9.94%,respectively,where the ambient temperature is-20℃,the interior temperature is 20℃,and the residual heat is 1.8 kW.Compared with the single-stage compression system without battery cooling,the cooling capacity and COP of the optimized electric bus heat pump air conditioning system are increased by 4.58%and 3.72%,respectively,where the ambient temperature is 35℃,the interior temperature is 27℃,and the cooling capacity of the battery is 2.0 kW.

关 键 词：热泵空调系统 余热回收 喷射补气 换热器 

分 类 号：TB611[一般工业技术—制冷工程] TB657.5