明治天皇御医贝尔茨对日本医学近代化的反思  

Reflections on the Modernization of Japanese Medicine by the Meiji Emperor’s Imperial Physician Erwin Baelz

作　　者：田妍 Tian Yan

机构地区：[1]南开大学日本研究院,天津300071

出　　处：《南开学报（哲学社会科学版）》2022年第1期168-172,共5页Nankai Journal:Philosophy,Literature and Social Science Edition

基　　金：中央高校基本科研业务费专项资金资助项目(青年教师研究一般资助项目)(63212115)。

摘　　要：明治天皇御医、东京大学医学部德国教师埃尔文·贝尔茨与皇室、学界、政界有着频繁的交流,见证了明治时期日本医学发展的历程。关于近代西方医学与日本文化的碰撞,贝尔茨具有相对专业和客观的反思。在贝尔茨看来,日本人对西方科学的起源和本质存在误解,不仅使医学无法得到综合发展,还导致在如何对待科学的问题上采取了错误的行动。贝尔茨认为日本当时的很多医师可与西方医师比肩,对日本传统医学和文化给予很高的肯定。贝尔茨对日本医学近代化的反思有如下三点启示:医学研究和学习应当以解决实践中的问题为基轴;应当培养科学精神,汲取实证研究的方法;应当重视传统医学和文化的价值。Erwin Baelz,of Germany,was an imperial physician of the Meiji Emperor and a teacher in the Department of Medicine at the University of Tokyo.He had frequent exchanges with the imperial family,academia and political circles,and witnessed the development of Japanese medicine during the Meiji period.On the collision between modern western medicine and Japanese culture,Baelz had relatively professional and objective reflections.In Baelz’s view,there were misunderstandings about the origin and essence of western science among the Japanese,thus the integration of medical science was hindered and the treatment toward science became problematic in Japan.Baelz believed that many doctors in Japan at that time could be compared with western doctors,and highly affirmed traditional Japanese medicine and culture.There are three implications in Baelz’s reflections on the modernization of Japanese medicine:1)the problems in medical research and learning should be addresed with practice;2)scientific spirit should be cultivated and empirical research methods should be applied;3)the value of traditional medicine and culture should be strengthened.

关 键 词：明治天皇御医 贝尔茨 东京大学医学部 日本医学近代化 

分 类 号：R-09[医药卫生] K313.41[历史地理—历史学]