地震作用引发的高速列车脱轨评价  

Evaluation of High-speed Train Derailment Caused by Seismic Action

作　　者：王滢 李建端 高盟[1,2] 徐晓 陈青生[3] WANG Ying;LI Jianduan;GAO Meng;XU Xiao;CHEN Qingsheng(Shandong Province Key Laboratory of Civil Engineering Disaster Prevention and Mitigation,Shandong University of Science and Technology,Qingdao 266590,China;College of Civil Engineering and Architecture,Shandong University of Science and Technology,Qingdao 266590,China;Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering,National University of Singapore,Singapore 119077,Singapore)

机构地区：[1]山东科技大学山东省土木工程防灾减灾重点实验室,青岛266590 [2]山东科技大学土木工程与建筑学院,青岛266590 [3]新加坡国立大学土木与环境工程系,新加坡119077

出　　处：《北京工业大学学报》2022年第2期137-145,共9页Journal of Beijing University of Technology

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(51978510);山东省自然科学基金资助项目(ZR201702160391)。

摘　　要：动力作用下轨道和路基的振动响应问题是解决高速列车在轨运行安全的关键之一.为保证地震时高铁的在轨安全,基于ABAQUS和FORTRAN子程序方法,创建了高铁无砟轨道-路基-地基三维精细化模型,详细分析地震-列车移动荷载特征对轨道结构的影响以及瞬态脱轨标准,探讨高速列车在地震作用下的临界速度和脱轨机理,考虑的脱轨标准包括轨道横向力与垂直力的比率(脱轨系数)和轨道的横向变形量,以此寻求合理的改进将地震的风险降到最低.结果表明:地震与列车移动荷载共同作用时,前者对钢轨的竖向正位移影响显著,而其加速度和频谱则受后者的作用更为突出;与此同时,列车脱轨概率显著增大,钢轨的临界速度为50 m/s(180 km/h),此时钢轨横向位移较大,脱轨系数曲线变化剧烈,严重超出国家安全标准,列车可能失稳,甚至脱轨.The vibration response of track and roadbed under dynamic action is one of the keys to solve the problem of safe operation of high-speed trains on track.To ensure the security of high-speed rail during an earthquake,based on ABAQUS and FORTRAN subprogram methods,a three-dimensional refined model was established that included ballast-less track,subgrade and foundation of high-speed railway,which were analyzed in detail including the influence of seismic-train moving load characteristics on track structure and instantaneous derailment standard.The critical speed and derailment mechanism of high-speed train under the action of a large earthquake were discussed.The derailment criteria considered included the ratio of the transverse force to the vertical force(derailment coefficient)and the transverse deformation of the track,so as to seek reasonable improvement and minimize the risk of major earthquake.Results show that when the seismic action and train moving load act together,the former has a significant effect on the vertical positive displacement of the rail,and its acceleration and frequency spectrum are more prominently affected the latter.Meanwhile,the train derailment probability significantly increases.The critical speed of the rail is 50 m/s(180 km/h).At this time,the rail lateral displacement is large,and the derailment coefficient curve changes sharply,which seriously exceeds the national safety standards.The train may lose stability or even derail.

关 键 词：地震作用 移动荷载 振动响应 临界速度 脱轨系数 高速列车 

分 类 号：TU311.3[建筑科学—结构工程] TU352.1