国际食品法典加工农产品中农药最大残留限量现状分析  

An analysis of the current situation on Codex Alimentarius maximum residue limits for pesticides in processed commodities

作　　者：张峰祖 李富根 朴秀英 ZHANG Fengzu;LI Fugen;PIAO Xiuying(Institute for the Control of Agrochemicals,Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs,Beijing 100125,China)

机构地区：[1]农业农村部农药检定所,北京100125

出　　处：《农药学学报》2022年第1期13-20,共8页Chinese Journal of Pesticide Science

基　　金：国家重点研发计划(2016YFD0200208).

摘　　要：加工农产品中的农药残留信息对于国际贸易及进行更精确的膳食摄入风险评估均非常重要。本文重点介绍了国际食品法典关于制定加工农产品中农药最大残留限量(MRL)和开展膳食摄入风险评估所遵循的一般原则、数据要求、评估方法以及加工农产品分类等信息。国际食品法典委员会目前共制定了586项加工农产品中的农药MRL标准,其中针对谷物碾磨产品的MRL标准数量最多,占23.2%;与初级农产品相比,加工农产品中的MRL值相对较高,表现出浓缩效应。同时,作者建议,我国应进一步明确加工农产品中农药残留的评估原则和方法,完善作物分类体系,细化膳食消费量数据,完善农药登记资料要求等。本文可为提升我国农药MRL标准制定及膳食摄入风险评估技术水平提供借鉴。Information on pesticide residue levels in processed commodities is essential for international trade and for more accurate dietary intake risk assessment.This article focuses on the information on general principles,data requirements,assessment methodologies,and the classification with respect to processed commodities followed in the establishment of pesticide maximum residue limit(MRL)and risk assessment of dietary intake by Codex Alimentarius.At present,Codex Alimentarius Commission has established 586 MRLs for pesticides in processed commodities,of which the MRL in milled cereal products is the most,accounting for 23.2%.Compared with raw agricultural commodities,MRL values in processed commodities are relatively high,showing concentration effect.It is believed that the principles and methodologies for the evaluation of pesticide residues in processed commodities should be further clarified,and meanwhile,crop classification,dietary consumption data,and data requirement for pesticide registration should be established or refined in China.This article could provide a reference for improving the MRL establishment and dietary intake risk assessment of pesticides in China.

关 键 词：国际食品法典 加工农产品 加工因子 残留定义 农药最大残留限量 膳食摄入风险评估 作物分类 

分 类 号：TQ450.26[化学工程—农药化工] X56[环境科学与工程—环境工程]