出租车空载率多尺度时空分布特征研究  

Research on multi-scale temporal and spatial distribution characteristics of taxi empty-loading ratio

作　　者：贾小涛 蔡忠亮[1] 姜莉莉[2] 齐永兰 李伯钊 JIA Xiaotao;CAI Zhongliang;JIANG Lili;QI Yonglan;LI Bozhao(School of Resource and Environmental Sciences,Wuhan University,Wuhan 430079,China;Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research,CAS,Beijing 100101,China)

机构地区：[1]武汉大学资源与环境科学学院,武汉430079 [2]中国科学院地理科学与资源研究所,北京100101

出　　处：《测绘科学》2021年第12期163-170,209,共9页Science of Surveying and Mapping

基　　金：国家重点研发计划项目(2017YFB0503500)。

摘　　要：为了提取出租车空载率的多尺度时空分布特征及规律,该文使用Hadoop平台从出租车全球定位系统(GPS)数据中提取空载事件,利用统计方法对空载率时间多尺度分布特征进行研究;结合百度兴趣点(POI)数据,采用叠加分析方法对空载率空间多尺度分布特征进行研究,得出北京市五环区域的空载率分布特征:周末空载率高于工作日空载率,周五的空载率在一周之中最低;北京市五环内丰台区、大兴区、石景山区空载率较高,工作日早、晚高峰期间海淀区中部、东城区、西城区、朝阳区中部空载率很低,夜高峰期间科技公司集中区空载率很低。研究结果表明:北京市五环内中关村、望京区域,公园、娱乐场所等热点区域及环路沿线区域的空载率较低,该结果可为出租车运营及优化城市交通系统提供参考。In order to extract the multi-scale distribution characteristics of the taxi empty-loading ratio,this paper utilizes Hadoop to extract empty-loading events from taxi global positioning system(GPS)data,and then uses statistical methods to extract the temporal multi-scale distribution characteristics and overlay analysis to extract the spatial multi-scale distribution characteristics,the results are as follows:the empty-loading ratio on weekends is higher than that on weekdays,and the empty-loading ratio on Friday is the lowest in a week.The empty-loading phenomenon in Fengtai district,Daxing district and Shijingshan district encompassed by the Fifth Ring Road of Beijing is relatively serious,the empty-loading ratio in the Dongcheng district,Xicheng district,central part of Haidian district and Chaoyang district is low during the morning and evening peak period.And the empty-loading ratio of technology companies concentration area is low during night peak.The findings show that the taxi empty-loading of Zhongguancun and Wangjing areas,hots spots such as science spots,entertainment places and areas along the ring road is low which can provide reference for taxi operation and urban traffic system optimization.

关 键 词：出租车数据 空载率 多尺度 时空分布 

分 类 号：P208[天文地球—地图制图学与地理信息工程]