论穆卡若夫斯基的文学结构主义  

On Jan Muka?ovsky’s Literary Structuralism

作　　者：李玉平[1] Li Yuping

机构地区：[1]南开大学文学院

出　　处：《文学与文化》2021年第4期98-107,共10页Literature and Culture Studies

基　　金：2019年度天津市哲学社会科学规划一般项目“符号学视野中的文学性研究”(TJZW19-004)阶段性成果。

摘　　要：布拉格学派主将穆卡若夫斯基是最早将结构主义引入文学研究的学者之一,其文学结构主义为后世的结构主义研究开辟了新的领域,树立了新的典范。穆氏文学结构主义研究最大的特点是继承和超越了以往的形式主义研究,成功地将结构与价值联结起来,进而融会贯通形式研究与社会—历史研究。穆氏的结构是与功能紧密相联的,突破了共时研究与历时研究的人为划分,关注系统本身的历史以及与其他系统之间的联系。作为西方文学符号学史上最重要的理论家之一,穆氏将文学视为符号事实,文学结构与美学价值密切关联,二者共同存在于文学符号之中。穆氏还从功能性的角度界定诗歌语言并对诗歌指涉问题做出了深入的符号学阐发。Jan Muka?ovsky was one of the earliest scholars introducing structuralism to literary studies,whose literary structuralism opened up the new fields and set up the new models for structuralism for later generations. Muka?ovsky’s literary structuralism inherited and surpassed the previous formalist studies, successfully connected structure and value, and then integrated formal research and social historical research. According to Muka?ovsky, structure is closely related to function, breaking through the artificial division of synchronic research and diachronic research, and focusing on the history of the system itself and the relationship with other systems. As one of the most important theorists in Western literary semiotics, Muka?ovsky regarded literature as a semiotic fact. He argued that literary structure is closely related to aesthetic value, and both of them exist in literary signs. Muka?ovsky also defined the poetic language from the perspective of function and made an in-depth semiotic analysis of poetic reference.

关 键 词：穆卡若夫斯基 结构主义 文学 符号学 功能 

分 类 号：I0[文学—文学理论]