早进食促进妇科腹腔镜手术患者术后胃肠功能恢复的应用研究  

Early oral feeding promotes gastrointestinal function recovery for patients after gynecological laparoscopic surgery

作　　者：吴永秀 王卉 荣欣 王梁竹 杜凌 赵安芬 吴治敏 WU Yongxiu;WANG Hui;RONG Xin;WANG Liangzhu;DU Ling;ZHAO Anfen;WU Zhimin(Department of Gynecology,First Affiliated Hospital,Army Medical University(Third Military Medical University),Chongqing,400038,China)

机构地区：[1]陆军军医大学(第三军医大学)第一附属医院妇科,重庆400038

出　　处：《陆军军医大学学报》2022年第2期190-194,共5页Journal of Army Medical University

基　　金：重庆市科卫联合医学科研项目(2020FYYX059)。

摘　　要：目的观察妇科腹腔镜手术后不同进食时间患者的胃肠功能恢复情况。方法选取2020年12月至2021年4月陆军军医大学第一附属医院妇科病区腹腔镜手术患者作为研究对象,计划纳入132例患者,剔除5例,最终纳入127例,试验组64例,对照组63例。术毕回病房即刻进食组为试验组,术毕回病房6 h开始进食组为对照组,观察两组患者术后不同时间进食后胃肠功能恢复及腹胀、恶心、呕吐发生率,以及平均住院日。结果与对照组比较,试验组术后首次肠鸣音恢复时间[(7.44±3.99)h vs(10.48±4.62) h]、首次肛门排气时间[(11.50±6.75)h vs(16.30±7.44) h]、首次肛门排便时间[(21.38±9.22)h vs(28.68±12.99)h]、平均住院日[(4.28±1.55)d vs(5.59±4.07)d]更短,两组比较差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05);而术后患者腹胀及恶心、呕吐发生率(25.0%vs 46.0%、14.1%vs 34.9%),试验组低于对照组,两组比较差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05)。术后早进食患者肠道功能恢复更快,平均住院时间也更短。结论术后有计划性早进食对于妇科腹腔镜手术患者是安全的。早进食有利于促进妇科腹腔镜手术患者胃肠道功能恢复,减少术后腹胀及恶心呕吐的发生率,促进患者早日出院。Objective To observe the gastrointestinal function recovery in the patients with different feeding time after gynecological laparoscopic surgery.Methods A total of 132 patients undergoing laparoscopic surgery in our department from December 2020 to April 2021 were enrolled in this study.Five of them were excluded and 127 cases were finally enrolled,including 64 cases in the experimental group(taking food immediately after returning to the ward after surgery)and 63 cases in the control group(taking food 6 h after returning).The recovery of gastrointestinal function,the incidences of abdominal distention,nausea and vomiting,and the average length of postoperative hospital stay were recorded and compared between the 2 groups.Results The experimental group had significantly shorter time of first postoperative bowl sound(7.44±3.99 vs 10.48±4.62),first exhaust(11.50±6.75 vs 16.30±7.44 h),and first defecation(21.38±9.22 vs 28.68±12.99 h),and shorter average length of postoperative hospital stay(4.28±1.55 vs 5.59±4.07 d)when compared with the control group(P<0.05).The incidences of abdominal distention,nausea and vomiting in postoperative patients were obviously lower in the experimental group than the control group(25.0%vs 46.0%,14.1%vs 34.9%,P<0.05).Early oral feeding after laparoscopic operation improved the recovery of intestinal function and shorten the postoperative hospital stay.Conclusion Postoperative early food-taking program is safe for patients undergoing gynecological laparoscopic surgery.It is beneficial to improve the recovery of gastrointestinal function,reduce the incidence of postoperative abdominal distention,nausea and vomiting,and promote early discharge of patients from hospital.

关 键 词：腹腔镜手术 早进食 妇科 胃肠功能 加速康复 

分 类 号：R155.1[医药卫生—营养与食品卫生学] R473.71[医药卫生—公共卫生与预防医学]