金华猪回肠、结肠真菌结构及其与体脂沉积的相关性研究  

Study on Fungi Structure in Ileum and Colon of Jinhua Pigs and Its Correlation with Body Fat Deposition

作　　者：李景上 章啸君 陈胜昌[1] 项云 徐娥[1] 楼芳芳 杨华 肖英平 LI Jingshang;ZHANG Xiaojun;CHEN Shengchang;XIANG Yun;XU E;LOU Fangfang;YANG Hua;XIAO Yingping(College of Animal Science,Guizhou University,Guiyang 550025,China;State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Threats to the Quality and Safety of Agro-Products,Institute of Agro-Product Safety and Nutrition,Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Hangzhou 310021,China;Institute of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Medicine,Jinhua Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Jinhua 321017,China)

机构地区：[1]贵州大学动物科学学院,贵阳550025 [2]浙江农业科学院省部共建农产品质量安全危害因子与风险防控国家重点实验室,农产品质量安全与营养研究所,杭州310021 [3]金华市农业科学研究院畜牧兽医研究所,金华321017

出　　处：《动物营养学报》2022年第1期131-140,共10页CHINESE JOURNAL OF ANIMAL NUTRITION

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(31972999)。

摘　　要：本试验旨在探究不同肥瘦率的金华猪回肠、结肠真菌菌群结构差异及其与体脂沉积的相关性。试验选择270日龄的同批次金华猪35头,测定背膘厚、眼肌面积和瘦肉率,并选择瘦肉率最低(高脂肪组,H组)和最高(低脂肪组,L组)的金华猪各5头,采集回肠、结肠内容物用于真菌测序分析。结果表明:1)不同肥瘦率金华猪的瘦肉率与背膘厚存在显著差异(P<0.05),体重与眼肌面积无显著差异(P>0.05)。2)L组金华猪回肠、结肠真菌菌群丰富度以及多样性要高于H组金华猪,此外,主坐标分析(PCoA)发现H组与L组金华猪真菌菌群呈现出明显不同的聚类,表明二者的真菌菌群结构存在差异。在门水平上,H组金华猪回肠及结肠段优势菌门为子囊菌门(Ascomycota),L组金华猪回肠及结肠优势菌门为担子菌门(Basidiomycota);在属水平上,H组金华猪回肠和结肠优势真菌属分别为卡扎斯坦酵母属(Kazachstania)和珊瑚菌属(Clavaria),其相对丰度分别为85.74%和32.87%;L组金华猪回肠和结肠优势真菌属分别为担子菌酵母属(Naganishia)和金孢菌属(Xerochrysium),其相对丰度分别为75.62%和68.53%。热图分析发现2个肠段有2个共同的差异真菌,其一为Kazachstania,存在于H组金华猪肠道中;其二为Naganishia,存在于L组金华猪肠道中。3)Spearman相关性分析发现Kazachstania、酵母菌属(Saccharomyces)、曲霉菌属(Aspergillus)与背膘厚均呈高度正相关(r=0.59~0.92);Naganishia、Clavaria、根霉菌属(Rhizopus)均与背膘厚呈负相关(r=-0.88~-0.78)。由此可见,不同肥瘦率的金华猪其肠道真菌结构存在差异,且与背膘厚存在一定的相关性,表明肠道真菌变化与宿主脂肪沉积存在一定的关联性。The aim of this study was to explore the differences of the fungi flora structure in the ileum and colon of Jinhua pigs with different fatness rates and to determine its correlation with body fat deposition.A total of 35 Jinhua pigs of the same batch at the age of 270 days were selected for rearing,the backfat thickness,ribeye area and lean meat rate were measured.According to the lean meat rate,five Jinhua pigs with the lowest(high fat group,H group)and highest(low fat group,L group)lean meat rate were selected for slaughter.The colon and ileum contents were collected to further analyze the fungi sequencing analysis.The results showed as follows:1)Jinhua pigs with different fatness rates displayed significant difference in lean meat rate and backfat thickness(P<0.05),and there was no significant difference in body weight and ribeye area.2)The richness and diversity of fungi flora of Jinhua pigs in L group was higher than those in H group.In addition,the principal coordinate analysis also found that the two groups of fungi flora exhibited different clusters,indicating differences in fungi flora structure.At the phylum level,Ascomycota was the dominant fungi in the ileum and colon of Jinhua pigs in H group,and Basidiomycota was the dominant fungi in the ileum and colon of Jinhua pigs in L group.At the genus level,the dominant fungi in the ileum and colon of Jinhua pigs in H group were Kazachstania and Clavaria,respectively,and their relative abundances were 85.74%and 32.87%respectively;the dominant fungi in the ileum and colon of Jinhua pigs in L group were Naganishia and Xerochrysium,respectively,and their relative abundances were 75.62%and 68.53%,respectively.Heat map analysis showed that the two intestinal segments had two different fungi in common,one was Kazachstania,which presented in the intestinal tract of Jinhua pigs in H group,the other was Naganishia,which existed in the intestinal tract of Jinhua pigs in L group.3)Spearman correlation analysis found that Kazachstania,Saccharomyces,Aspergillus were all

关 键 词：金华猪 瘦肉率 背膘厚 真菌结构 脂肪沉积 

分 类 号：S828[农业科学—畜牧学]