不同淀粉糊化度的挤压膨化大料对颗粒饲料质量以及断奶仔猪生长性能、养分表观消化率与血清生化指标的影响  

Effects of Extruded Bulk Materials with Different Starch Gelatinization Degrees on Processing Quality of Pellet Feed and Growth Performance,Nutrient Apparent Digestibility and Serum Biochemical Indexes of Weaned Piglets

作　　者：葛春雨 杨洁 张嘉琦[1,3] 许传祥[1,3] 李俊 商方方 秦玉昌[2] 李军国[1,3] GE Chunyu;YANG Jie;ZHANG Jiaqi;XU Chuanxiang;LI Jun;SHANG Fangfang;QIN Yuchang;LI Junguo(Feed Research Institute,Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Beijing 100081,China;Institute of Animal Science,Chinese Academy of Agriculture Sciences,Beijing 100193,China;Key Laboratory of Feed Biotechnology,Ministry of Agriculture,Beijing 100081,China)

机构地区：[1]中国农业科学院饲料研究所,北京100081 [2]中国农业科学院北京畜牧兽医研究所,北京100193 [3]农业部饲料生物技术重点开放实验室,北京100081

出　　处：《动物营养学报》2022年第1期141-149,共9页CHINESE JOURNAL OF ANIMAL NUTRITION

基　　金：国家重点研发计划项目(2019YFD0900200);现代农业产业技术体系北京市家禽创新团队项目(BAIC04-2020);中国农业科学院创新工程项目(CAAS-ASTIP-2020-FRI-08)。

摘　　要：本试验旨在研究不同淀粉糊化度对颗粒饲料加工质量以及断奶仔猪生长性能、养分表观消化率与血清生化指标的影响。通过改变挤压膨化工艺参数,制备淀粉糊化度分别为92%、85%、80%和73%的挤压膨化大料。将不同淀粉糊化度的挤压膨化大料与预混料、热敏性原料混合均匀后,在相同条件下低温制成颗粒饲料。试验选用初始体重为7.56 kg的28日龄断奶仔猪96头,随机分为4个组,每个组6个重复,进行50 d的饲养试验,其中前期为28 d,后期为22 d。结果表明:1)在颗粒饲料加工质量方面,淀粉糊化度为85%、80%、73%时颗粒饲料的耐久性指数、硬度无显著差异(P>0.05),淀粉糊化度过高(淀粉糊化度为92%)时颗粒饲料的耐久性指数、硬度显著降低(P<0.05)。2)在断奶仔猪生长性能方面,以淀粉糊化度73%组的生长性能最好,淀粉糊化度92%组最差。淀粉糊化度73%组断奶仔猪全期的平均日增重有高于淀粉糊化度92%组的趋势(0.05<P<0.10),料重比有低于淀粉糊化度92%和80%组的趋势(0.05<P<0.10)。3)在断奶仔猪养分表观消化率方面,淀粉糊化度80%组的养分表观消化率最高,淀粉糊化度73%组次之,淀粉糊化度92%组最差,且淀粉糊化度80%组的粗蛋白质与粗脂肪表观消化率显著高于其他各组(P<0.05)。4)在断奶仔猪血清生化指标方面,血清总蛋白、白蛋白、球蛋白、尿素氮含量各组之间无显著差异(P>0.05)。综合考虑断奶仔猪生长性能、颗粒饲料加工质量和成本,挤压膨化大料的淀粉糊化度以73%最佳。The present study aimed to investigate the effects of extruded bulk materials with different starch gelatinization degrees on processing quality of pellet feed and growth performance,nutrient apparent digestibility and serum biochemical indexes of weaned piglets.Bulk raw materials with different starch gelatinization(92%,85%,80%and 73%)were prepared by changing the extrusion process parameters.After mixing with premix and heat-sensitive additives,it was pelleted at low temperatures under the same conditions.Ninety-six 28-day-old weaned piglets with the initial body of 7.56 kg were randomly divided into 4 groups for a 50-day feeding trial.Each group had 6 replicates.The feeding trial was divided into 28 days in the earlier stage and 22 days in the later stage.The experimental results showed as follows:1)with regard to processing quality of pellet feed,the hardness and pellet durability index(PDI)were not significantly different among the 85%,80%,and 73%starch gelatinization degree groups(P>0.05),but they were significantly decreased in the group with the highest starch gelatinization degree(92%)(P>0.05).2)With regard to growth performance of weaned piglets,the growth performance of the 73%starch gelatinization degree group was the best,and the worst growth performance was observed in the 92%starch gelatinization degree group.The average daily gain of weaned piglets in the 73%starch gelatinization degree group was higher than that of the 92%starch gelatinization degree group(0.05<P<0.10),and the feed/gain was lower than the 92%and 80%starch gelatinization degree groups(0.05<P<0.10).3)With regard to nutrient apparent digestibility,the 80%starch gelatinization degree group had the highest nutrient apparent digestibility,followed by the 73%starch gelatinization degree group,and the 92%starch gelatinization degree group had the worst.The apparent digestibility of crude protein and ether extract in the 80%starch gelatinization degree group was significantly higher than that of the other groups(P<0.05).4)With regard to s

关 键 词：淀粉糊化度 颗粒饲料 加工质量 断奶仔猪 生长性能 

分 类 号：S816[农业科学—饲料科学]