饲喂25羟基维生素D 3和维生素D 3对不同阶段荷斯坦种公牛冻精品质和营养物质表观消化率的影响  

Effects of Feeding 25-Hydroxyvitamin D_(3) and Vitamin D_(3) on Frozen Semen Quality and Nutrient Apparent Digestibility of Holstein Breeding Bulls at Different Stages

作　　者：冯冠智 徐宏建[1] 王丽华 张城瑞 祖智富 张永根[1] FENG Guanzhi;XU Hongjian;WANG Lihua;ZHANG Chengrui;ZU Zhifu;ZHANG Yonggen(College of Animal Science and Technology,Northeast Agricultural University,Harbin 150030,China;Shanghai Dairy Cattle Breeding Center Co.,Ltd.,Shanghai 200436,China)

机构地区：[1]东北农业大学动物科学技术学院,哈尔滨150030 [2]上海奶牛育种中心有限公司,上海200436

出　　处：《动物营养学报》2022年第1期372-380,共9页CHINESE JOURNAL OF ANIMAL NUTRITION

基　　金：财政部和农业农村部国家现代农业产业技术体系资助。

摘　　要：本试验对比研究25羟基维生素D_(3)(25VD_(3))和维生素D_(3)对青年和成年荷斯坦种公牛的冻精品质和抗氧化能力及钙、磷、镁代谢和营养物质表观消化率的影响。本试验采用2×2双因素试验设计(不同形式维生素D_(3)同阶段种公牛),不同形式维生素D_(3)分别为25VD_(3)和维生素D_(3),不同阶段种公牛分别为16头平均30月龄成年荷斯坦种公牛和16头平均12月龄青年荷斯坦种公牛。试验设置4个组:成年牛维生素D_(3)组(300 IU/kg)、成年牛25VD_(3)组(300 IU/kg)、青年牛维生素D_(3)组(300 IU/kg)、青年牛25VD_(3)组(300 IU/kg)。试验预试期14 d,正试期60 d,在正试期第1、30、60天分别收集精液、尿液和粪便样品。结果表明:1)25VD_(3)显著提高了解冻精液的精子活力和膜完整性(P<0.05),有提高存活率的趋势(P=0.08)。成年种公牛解冻精液的精子活力和存活率显著高于青年种公牛(P<0.05)。2)25VD_(3)有降低种公牛解冻精液中丙二醛含量的趋势(P=0.07)。成年种公牛解冻精液的过氧化氢酶活性显著高于青年种公牛(P<0.05)。3)25VD_(3)有提高饲粮中粗蛋白质表观消化率的趋势(P=0.09),显著提高钙表观消化率(P<0.05),并显著降低尿磷、镁的排放量(P<0.05)。成年种公牛的钙、磷、镁的摄入量、沉积量和粪排放量、尿磷排放量极显著高于青年种公牛(P<0.01)。综上所述,饲粮中添加25VD_(3)可提高种公牛解冻精液的精子活力、膜完整性、钙表观消化率以及降低尿磷、镁的排放量。This experiment was conducted to compare the effects of 25-hydroxyvitamin D_(3)(25VD_(3))and vitamin D_(3)(VD_(3))on frozen semen quality,antioxidant capacity,calcium,phosphorus and magnesium metabolism and nutrient apparent digestibility of young and adult Holstein bulls.Using a 2×2 two-factor experiment design(different forms of VD_(3) and different stages of bulls),the different forms of VD_(3) were 25VD_(3) and VD_(3).There were 16 adult Holstein bulls at 30 months of age and 16 young Holstein bulls at 12 months of age.Four groups were set up:adult bulls VD_(3) group(300 IU/kg),adult bulls 25VD_(3) group(300 IU/kg),young bulls VD_(3) group(300 IU/kg),young bulls 25VD_(3) group(300 IU/kg).The pre-feeding period was 14 days,and the trial period was 60 days.Semen,urine and feces were collected on days 1,30 and 60 of the trial period.The results showed as follows:1)25VD_(3) significantly improved sperm motility and membrane integrity of thawed semen(P<0.05),there was a tendency to increase sperm survival rate(P=0.08).Sperm motility and survival rate of thawed semen of adult bulls were significantly higher than those of young bulls(P<0.05).2)25VD_(3) tended to decrease the content of malondialdehyde in thawed semen of breeding bulls(P=0.07).The activity of catalase of thawed semen of adult bulls was significantly higher than that in young bulls(P<0.05).3)25VD_(3) had a tendency to increase the apparent digestibility of crude protein(P=0.09)and significantly increased the apparent digestibility of calcium(P<0.05),and significantly reduced the discharge of urinary phosphorus and magnesium(P<0.05).The intake,deposition and fecal discharge of calcium,phosphorus and magnesium and urinary phosphorus in adult bulls were significantly higher than those in young bulls(P<0.01).In summary,dietary supplementation of 25VD_(3) can increase the frozen semen sperm motility,membrane integrity and apparent digestibility of calcium and reduce the urine phosphorus and magnesium emissions of breeding bulls.

关 键 词：维生素D_(3) 25羟基维生素D_(3) 荷斯坦种公牛 冻精品质 抗氧化能力 矿物质 

分 类 号：S823[农业科学—畜牧学]