哺乳期补饲开食料对牦牛犊牛生长性能、腹泻频率和发病频率的影响  

Effects of Starter Feed on Growth Performance,Diarrhea Frequency and Incidence Frequency of Yak Calves during Lactation

作　　者：郭文杰 刘书杰[1] 冯宇哲[1] 孙璐[1] 崔占鸿[1] GUO Wenjie;LIU Shujie;FENG Yuzhe;SUN Lu;CUI Zhanhong(Key Laboratory of Plateau Grazing Animal Nutrition and Feed Science of Qinghai Province,Yak Engineering Technology Research Center of Qinghai Province,Qinghai Academy of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Sciences,Qinghai University,Xining 810016,China)

机构地区：[1]青海大学畜牧兽医科学院,青海省牦牛工程技术研究中心,青海省高原放牧家畜动物营养与饲料科学重点实验室,西宁810016

出　　处：《动物营养学报》2022年第1期422-431,共10页CHINESE JOURNAL OF ANIMAL NUTRITION

基　　金：青海省科技厅项目(2020-ZJ-911);中国科学院“西部之光”西部青年学者A类(3-4)。

摘　　要：本试验旨在探究哺乳期补饲开食料对牦牛犊牛生长性能、腹泻频率和发病频率的影响。选取1月龄、体重相近的20头牦牛犊牛,随机分为试验组和对照组,每组10个重复,每个重复1头牛。在第1~100天,试验组补饲开食料,对照组不补饲开食料;在第101~150天,试验组和对照组饲喂相同的饲粮。测定牦牛犊牛的采食量、体重和体尺,并计算腹泻频率和发病频率。结果表明:1)在第1~50天和第51~100天,试验组牦牛的干物质采食量、粗蛋白质采食量和粗脂肪采食量显著高于对照组(P<0.05),而中性洗涤纤维采食量和酸性洗涤纤维采食量显著低于对照组(P<0.05);在第101~150天,2组采食量无显著差异(P>0.05)。2)在第50、100和150天,试验组牦牛的体重显著高于对照组(P<0.05);在第1~50天,试验组牦牛平均日增重与对照组无显著差异(P>0.05);在第51~100天和第101~150天,试验组牦牛平均日增重显著高于对照组(P<0.05);在第101~150天,试验组料重比显著低于对照组(P<0.05)。3)在第50天,试验组牦牛的体高、胸围和管围显著高于对照组(P<0.05);在第100天,试验组牦牛的胸围和管围显著高于对照组(P<0.05);在第150天,试验组牦牛的体高和管围显著高于对照组(P<0.05)。4)在第51~100天,试验组牦牛粪便评分显著低于对照组(P<0.05);在第1~50天和第51~100天,试验组牦牛腹泻频率和发病频率显著低于对照组(P<0.05);在第101~150天,试验组和对照组牦牛均无发病情况。综上所述,哺乳期补饲开食料可促进牦牛犊牛生长发育,降低腹泻频率,减少发病情况,并且有利于牦牛犊牛后期的生长发育。The study aimed to investigate the effects of starter feed on growth performance,diarrhea frequency and incidence frequency of yak calves during lactation.Twenty 1-month-old yak calves with similar body weight were evenly randomized divided into test group and control group.There were ten replicates in each group and one yak in each replicate.During days 1 to 100,test group was supplemented with starter feed,while control group was not supplemented with starter feed.Test group and control group were fed the same diet during days 101 to 150.The feed intake,body weight and body size of yak calves were measured,and the frequency of diarrhea and incidence were calculated.The results showed as follows:1)the dry matter intake,crude protein intake and crude fat intake of yaks of test group during days 1 to 50 and days 51 to 100 were significantly higher than those of control group(P<0.05),while the neutral detergent fiber intake and acid detergent fiber intake were significantly lower than those of control group(P<0.05);there was no significant difference in feed intake between the two groups during days 101 to 150(P>0.05).2)On day 50,100 and 150,the body weight of yaks of test group was significantly higher than that of control group(P<0.05);there was no significant difference in the average daily gain between test group and control group during days 1 to 50(P>0.05);but the average daily gain of test group was significantly higher than that of control group during days 51 to 100 and days 101 to 150(P<0.05);the ratio of feed to weight of test group was significantly lower than that of control group during days 101 to 150(P<0.05).3)On day 50,body height,heart girth and cannon circumference of test group were significantly higher than those of control group(P<0.05);on day 100,heart girth and cannon circumference of test group were significantly higher than those of control group(P<0.05);on day 150,body height and cannon circumference of test group were significantly higher than those of control group(P<0.05).4)The yak fec

关 键 词：开食料 牦牛犊牛 生长性能 腹泻 

分 类 号：S823[农业科学—畜牧学]