亚硫酸氢钠对构树光合生理特性的剂量效应  

Dose Effect of Sodium Bisulfite on Photosynthetic Physiological Characteristics of Broussonetia papyrifera

作　　者：李中英 吴沿友[2] 邢德科[1] 谢津津 段荣荣 陈天 LI Zhongying;WU Yanyou;XING Deke;XIE Jinjin;DUAN Rongrong;CHEN Tian(Key Laboratory of Modern Agricultural Equipment and Technology,Ministry of Education,Institute of Agricultural Engineering,Jiangsu University,Zhenjiang 212013,China;State Key Laboratory of Environmental Geochemistry,Institute of Geochemistry,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Guiyang 550081,China)

机构地区：[1]现代农业装备与技术教育部重点实验室,江苏大学农业工程学院,江苏镇江212013 [2]中国科学院地球化学研究所环境地球化学国家重点实验室,贵阳550081

出　　处：《地球与环境》2022年第1期110-118,共9页Earth and Environment

基　　金：贵州省科技计划项目(黔科合支撑[2021]一般453);国家重点研发计划专题计划项目(2016YFC0502602);国家自然科学基金项目(U1612441)。

摘　　要：亚硫酸氢钠是广泛采用的光合促进剂,对作物产量具有一定的促进效果,但如果亚硫酸氢钠超过一定的剂量,可能会造成作物与土壤中硫含量超标,对人和农业生态环境都会产生极大的危害。为了研究不同浓度亚硫酸氢钠溶液对植物光合作用的影响,本研究以一年生构树(Broussonetia papyrifera)为实验材料,叶面喷施0、1、2、5、10、20、50 mmol/L的亚硫酸氢钠,分析各浓度处理下构树叶片的光合参数、荧光参数以及叶绿素含量。结果表明,1 mmol/L的亚硫酸氢钠处理可以显著提高植株的净光合速率(P_(N))、气孔导度(G_(s))和光呼吸速率(R_(p));5 mmol/L的亚硫酸氢钠处理下叶绿素含量显著下降,而在超过20 mmol/L的亚硫酸氢钠处理下,植株的P_(N)、G_(s)、R_(p)、暗呼速率、叶绿素含量、实际光化学量子产量以及电子传递速率均较对照组显著下降,初始荧光、调节性能量耗散的量子产额和光呼吸份额则显著增加。这些结果说明,低浓度的亚硫酸氢钠在光呼吸所占份额基本不变的条件下,同时提高了净光合速率和光呼吸速率,而高浓度的亚硫酸氢钠则会对植物造成胁迫,导致光呼吸份额的增加,较高比例的光呼吸消耗光合产物,净光合速率降低。Sodium bisulfite(NaHSO_(3)) is a widely used photosynthetic promoter, which has a certain promoting effect on crop yield. However, if NaHSO_(3)exceeds a certain dose, it may cause excessive sulfur content in crops and soil, which will cause great harm to human and agricultural ecological environment. In this study, Broussonetia papyrifera were used as experimental materials and seven NaHSO_(3)concentration gradients(i.e., 0, 1, 2, 5, 10, 20, 50 mmol/L) were simultaneously sprayed on the leaf surface of different seedlings separately. The photosynthetic parameters, fluorescence parameters and chlorophyll content of the leaves under different concentrations were analyzed. The results showed that the 1 mmol/L NaHSO_(3)treatment was clearly conducive to the net photosynthetic rate(P_(N)), stomatal conductance(G_(s)) and photorespiration rate(R_(p)). Chlorophyll content decreased significantly under 5 mmol/L NaHSO_(3)treatment. Under the treatment of NaHSO_(3)exceeding 20 mmol/L, the P_(N), G_(s), dark respiration rate(R_(p)), photorespiration rate(R_(p)), chlorophyll content, actual photochemical quantum yield(Y_(Ⅱ)) and electron transport rate(ETR) showed significant decreases, while the initial fluorescence(F_(o)), quantum yield of regulated energy dissipation(Y_(NPQ)) and photorespiration portion(S_(p)) significantly increased. These results indicate that low concentrations of NaHSO_(3)increases the P_(N) and R_(p) under the condition that S;is basically unchanged, while high concentration of NaHSO_(3)can cause stress to plants, resulting in a decrease in photorespiration share. A higher proportion of S_(p) consumes photosynthetic products, and the P_(N) decreases.

关 键 词：构树 亚硫酸氢钠 光合作用 光呼吸 叶绿素荧光 

分 类 号：Q945[生物学—植物学]