象必有意:现存六件宋徽宗款画作所体现的政治宣谕及其赋形之源  

Images Carrying Meanings:The Political Proclamation and Source of Forms in Six Paintings of Emperor Huizong of the Song Dynasty

作　　者：黄杰[1] Huang Jie(School of Art and Archaeology,Zhejiang University,Hangzhou 310028,China)

机构地区：[1]浙江大学艺术与考古学院,浙江杭州310028

出　　处：《浙江大学学报（人文社会科学版）》2021年第6期53-66,共14页Journal of Zhejiang University:Humanities and Social Sciences

基　　金：浙江大学亚洲研究中心学术研究项目。

摘　　要：从图像学及诗画融合的角度,可以获知现存六件宋徽宗款画作的蕴意及其赋形之源:《蜡梅山禽图》借意黄庭坚建中靖国元年咏水仙、早梅名作,旨在敦睦宗室;《文会图》托“唐十八学士登瀛”旧事,喻本朝之西园雅集,图中醉者当为一代文雄苏轼,实宣谕崇宁五年星变后的政治调整;《芙蓉锦鸡图》取义《诗经》之《灵台》《凫鹥》篇,自许胜于文王;《五色鹦鹉图》运化唐玄宗五色鹦鹉故事及张说《时乐鸟篇(并序)》,期待臣子报恩护主;《瑞鹤图》融合《西都赋》《西京赋》相关描写及鸾鹤传说,图写盛世大观,不仅是对政和二年群鹤来集端门事件的政治性处理,也是朝廷有事于西夏的思想动员;《祥龙石图卷》本于《周易》乾卦及赏石艺术,宣谕参赞化育,并自赞为君之德。宋画之深美闳约于斯得以见证,堪称象必有意,百代标程。后世一般认为的祥瑞不过是浅层之象。The unity of poetry and paintings is a significant pioneering contribution that Zhao Ji,Emperor Huizong of the Song Dynasty made to Chinese art.Though it has recently been a heated topic in the academic circles to study the paintings by Emperor Huizong,there is only one paper entitled“Three Questions on the Painting of Listening to Qin”by the author discussing on the unity of poetry and paintings.Most of the papers study the paintings only.However,as indicated by the forms of these paintings,poetry as an integral component is in perfect harmony with paintings and they complement each other.Therefore,it is biased and far from enough to study the paintings only.From the perspective of iconography and the unity of poetry and paintings,this paper,based on the six paintings with confirmed years by Emperor Huizong,studies the images in paintings and the poems inscribed or written by the emperor himself and,in particular,the connection and integration of the discourse systems of poetry and paintings.The paper aims at tracing the sources of the forms and the implied meanings of each painting based on related historical facts and classic works.The theme of“Plum Blossoms and Mountain Fowls”,borrowed from Huang Tingjian’s poems in praise of narcissus and plum blossoms in 1101,the first year of the Reign of Jianzhong Jingguo,proclaims the harmony of the imperial family and reveals the ambivalence of Emperor Huizong on the Yuanyou Party members.“Literati Gathering”,on the story“Eighteen Scholars of the Tang Dynasty Ascending Yingzhou”,refers to the elegant gathering at the Western Garden of his times and his appreciation of Su Shi,a literary master,in a euphemistical way.The drunken man in the picture should be Su Shi.Superficially,it looks like the image is presenting a desire for talents and the joys of having them,but it is actually a major political adjustment or gesture after the political change in 1106,the fifth year of the Reign of Chongning,i.e.actively recruiting talents and loosening confinement o

关 键 词：象必有意 宋徽宗 诗画融合 政治宣谕 赋形 根源 

分 类 号：J212[艺术—美术] K244[历史地理—历史学]