中-日分布的槲树种群遗传多样性与遗传分化  

Genetic diversity and differentiation study of Quercus dentata with regards to its distribution in China and Japan

作　　者：祁敏 张原野 李嘉伟 杜芳[1] QI Min;ZHANG Yuan-ye;LI Jia-wei;DU Fang(College of Ecology and Nature Conservation,Beijing Forestry University,Beijing 100083,China;Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Education for Coastal and Wetland Ecosystems,College of the Environment and Ecology,Xiamen University,Xiamen 361102,Fujian,China)

机构地区：[1]北京林业大学生态与自然保护学院,北京100083 [2]厦门大学环境与生态学院,滨海湿地生态系统教育部重点实验室,福建厦门361102

出　　处：《兰州大学学报（自然科学版）》2021年第6期720-726,734,共8页Journal of Lanzhou University(Natural Sciences)

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(42071060)。

摘　　要：为揭示中-日分布的槲树种群的遗传多样性以及遗传结构水平,采用12个微卫星分子标记分析了中国和日本13个槲树种群的遗传分化、遗传多样性和基因流情况.结果表明,槲树种群在其分布范围内分化形成3个支系,即中国中东部支系、中国秦巴支系和日本支系.中国中东部支系和秦巴支系间存在着一定程度的基因流,基因流方向主要是从中国中东部支系到秦巴支系,日本支系和中国两个支系间的基因交流较少.槲树种群的遗传变异主要来自种群内部,种群间的遗传分化系数为0.23,在林木中处于中等水平.遗传多样性分析表明,槲树种群的遗传多样性较高,平均观测杂合度为0.52,平均期望杂合度为0.57.与两个中国支系相比,日本支系的遗传多样性水平较低.第四纪后的长期地理隔离可能是造成物种明显分化的主要原因.To reveal the level of genetic diversity and genetic structure of Quercus dentata distributed in China and Japan, 12 microsatellite markers were used to analyze the genetic differentiation, diversity and gene flow of 13 Q. dentata populations across Japan and China. The results showed that the species was differentiated into three lineages: the Chinese Eastern lineage, the Chinese Qinba lineage and the Japanese lineage. Although moderate gene flow existed between the two Chinese lineages with the historical gene flow occurring predominantly from Chinese Eastern lineage into Qinba lineage, there was a limited gene flow between Japanese and Chinese lineages. The high genetic diversity had been mainly caused by the variations within population, and the genetic differentiation among populations was moderate for a tree species, with the coefficient of genetic differentiation estimated to be 0.23. Genetic diversity analysis also showed that the overall observed heterozygosity was 0.52 and the expected heterozygosity was 0.57,indicating a high level of genetic diversity. Compared with the Chinese lineage, the genetic diversityof the Japanese lineage was low. The observed genetic diversity and differentiation of species was likely due to the long-term geographic isolation after Quaternary.

关 键 词：分子标记 微卫星 遗传多样性 遗传分化 基因流 

分 类 号：Q37[生物学—遗传学]