3~15岁儿童青少年眼轴与屈光状态变化分析  

Analysis of changes in the eye axis and refractive status of children and adolescents aged 3~15

作　　者：魏聪 刘佳[1] 卢亚梅[1] Wei Cong;Liu Jia;Lu Ya-mei(The Sixth Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University,Qingyuan 511500,China)

机构地区：[1]广州医科大学附属第六医院,511500

出　　处：《中国斜视与小儿眼科杂志》2021年第4期31-32,I0010,I0011,共4页Chinese Journal of Strabismus & Pediatric Ophthalmology

摘　　要：目的研究3~15岁儿童屈光发育过程中眼轴与屈光状态的关系及其变化规律。方法选取2021年1月至2021年8月就诊的屈光不正儿童327例(654眼),采用IOL-Master测量眼轴长度、角膜曲率、角膜散光,睫状肌麻痹后验光记录等效球镜,研究不同参数之间的关系。结果不同年龄组患者随年龄增加眼轴增长、等效球镜降低,各组间比较差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。各年龄组平均角膜曲率比较显示3~6岁组与其余各年龄组间比较有统计学意义(P<0.05),6~9岁组、9~12岁组、12~15岁组组间比较均无明显统计学差异(P>0.05)。各年龄组间角膜散光比较显示9~12岁组与12~15岁组组间比较无明显统计学差异(P>0.05),其余各组间比较均有统计学差异(P<0.05)。不同角膜曲率组眼轴与等效球镜均表现为负直线性相关,随等效球镜的减少眼轴长度逐渐增加。结论眼轴变化是儿童屈光发育正视化的主要影响因素,随年龄增加,眼轴逐渐增长,角膜曲率与角膜散光发生相应变化。不同角膜曲率患者眼轴与屈光度均呈高度负相关,高角膜曲率患者与短眼轴关系密切。Objective To study the relationship between the eye axis and the refractive state and its changing laws during the refractive development of children aged 3-15.Methods A total of 327 children(654 eyes) with refractive errors who were treated from January 2021 to August 2021 were selected.IOL-Master was used to measure the axial length,corneal curvature,and corneal astigmatism.After cycloplegia,the refraction record was equivalent to spherical lens.Research the relationship between different parameters.Results In patients of different age groups,the axis of the eyes increased and the equivalent spherical lens decreased with the increase of age,and the differences between the groups were statistically significant(P<0.05).The comparison of the average corneal curvature of each age group shows that the comparison between the 3~6 years old group and the other age groups is statistically significant(P<0.05),and the comparison between the 6~9 years old group,the 9~12 years old group,and the 12-15 years old group was no significant statistical difference(P>0.05).The comparison of corneal astigmatism among various age groups showed that there was no significant difference between the 9~12 years old group and the 12~15 years old group(P>0.05),and there were statistical differences between the other groups(P<0.05).The axial and equivalent spherical lenses in different corneal curvature groups showed a negative linear correlation,and the axial length gradually increased with the decrease of the equivalent spherical lens.Conclusions The change of the eye axis is the main factor influencing the emmetropism of children’s refractive development.With the increase of age,the eye axis gradually increases,and the corneal curvature and corneal astigmatism change accordingly.The axial and refractive power of patients with different corneal curvatures are highly negatively correlated,and those with high corneal curvature are closely related to the short eye axis.

关 键 词：正视化 眼轴长度 生物测量 屈光不正 

分 类 号：R778.1[医药卫生—眼科]