宇文泰接任贺拔岳集团军权之原因新探  

A New Probe into Yuwen Tai’s Success in Taking Over the Military Power of Heba Yue’s Army

作　　者：王瀚尧 WANG Han-yao(School of History,East China Normal University,Shanghai 200241,China)

机构地区：[1]华东师范大学历史学系,上海200241

出　　处：《兰州大学学报（社会科学版）》2021年第6期152-160,共9页Journal of Lanzhou University（Social Sciences）

摘　　要：宇文泰称霸关陇肇始于其接任贺拔岳集团之军权,学界就宇文泰接任贺拔岳军权原因的讨论,形成了武川豪帅共同支持说、夏州地利之便说,以及贺拔胜放弃军权说等几种观点。贺拔岳余部推举新帅的过程中,曾出现诸将一致推选寇洛、李虎力主南迎贺拔胜,以及部分人主张禀告魏廷等几种不同的意见,分歧的背后反映出贺拔岳余部中武川豪帅、非武川籍北镇豪帅,以及关西大行台僚佐等各派势力通过推举符合自身利益的政治代理人进行权力角逐,最终实现各自的政治诉求;同时表明宇文泰起初并未获得贺拔岳余部的一致拥护,更不具备无可比拟的个人威望。当孝武帝、高欢、贺拔胜等外部势力介入军权交接,贺拔岳余部面临被收编之际,宇文泰凭借其武川豪帅的家族背景,以及他曾与关陇土著雷绍、吕思礼等人共事的任官履历,成为贺拔岳余部搁置分歧、协调各方利益、维护集团整体利益的合适人选;在陆通、韩褒、蔡祐等夏州群僚献言献策以及积极配合下,宇文泰及时平定夏州之乱,扫清前赴平凉前线的最后障碍,最终实现了接掌贺拔岳余部军权的目的。Yuwen Tai started to dominate Guan-Long region after taking over the military power of Heba Yue’s army. There are several opinions on Heba Yue’s success in literature, such as“the joint support of the generals of Wuchuan”,“favorable geographical position of Xiazhou”, and“Heba Sheng’s abandonment of the military power”. Opinions of the generals of Heba Yue’s army varied when they recommended the new commander. Some advocated inviting Heba Sheng from the south, while others advocated reporting to the Northern Wei Dynasty court. The divergence of opinions reflects the power competition of different forces like the Wuchuan generals, northern town generals and Heba Yue’s officers to select their political agents and realize their political demands. It also shows that Yuwen Tai neither won the unanimous support at the beginning, nor had incomparable personal prestige. When the external forces including Emperor Xiaowu, Gao Huan and Heba Sheng intervened in the power handover and this army was on the edge of being incorporated into other forces, Yuwen Tai became the right choice for all forces of the army to put aside their disagreements, balance the powers and safeguard the overall interests. His advantages lied in the background of his powerful clan in Wuchuan, and his experience of working with the local officers. With his officers’ support,he suppressed the riot in Xiazhou and finally took over the military power of Heba Yue’s army.

关 键 词：宇文泰 贺拔岳 武川豪帅 非武川籍北镇豪帅 夏州 

分 类 号：B261[哲学宗教—中国哲学]